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相关概念视频

Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Iterative Optimization of DNA Duplexes for Crystallization of SeqA-DNA Complexes
11:42

Iterative Optimization of DNA Duplexes for Crystallization of SeqA-DNA Complexes

Published on: November 1, 2012

细菌RNA聚合酶全酶的晶体结构,分辨率为2.6A.

Dmitry G Vassylyev1, Shun-ichi Sekine, Oleg Laptenko

  • 1Cellular Signaling Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute at Spring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan. dmitry@yumiyoshi.harima.riken.go.jp

Nature
|May 10, 2002
PubMed
概括

我们确定了细菌RNA聚合酶全酶的晶体结构,揭示了西格玛因子如何结合以启动转录. 这种结构洞察力澄清了细菌中转录启动的机制.

更多相关视频

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA
16:24

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA

Published on: April 26, 2013

Dual DNA Rulers to Study the Mechanism of Ribosome Translocation with Single-Nucleotide Resolution
10:27

Dual DNA Rulers to Study the Mechanism of Ribosome Translocation with Single-Nucleotide Resolution

Published on: July 8, 2019

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Iterative Optimization of DNA Duplexes for Crystallization of SeqA-DNA Complexes
11:42

Iterative Optimization of DNA Duplexes for Crystallization of SeqA-DNA Complexes

Published on: November 1, 2012

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA
16:24

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA

Published on: April 26, 2013

Dual DNA Rulers to Study the Mechanism of Ribosome Translocation with Single-Nucleotide Resolution
10:27

Dual DNA Rulers to Study the Mechanism of Ribosome Translocation with Single-Nucleotide Resolution

Published on: July 8, 2019

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 细菌转录启动需要RNA聚合酶全酶,由核心酶和西格玛因子形成.
  • 了解西格玛因子的作用对于阐明转录调节至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了确定细菌RNA聚合酶全酶的高分辨率晶体结构.
  • 提供对转录启动机制的结构性见解.

主要方法:

  • 在X射线晶体学.
  • 在2.6A分辨率下确定蛋白质结构.

主要成果:

  • 确定了Thermus thermophilus RNA聚合酶全酶的晶体结构.
  • 西格玛子单元的域与RNA聚合酶核心相对采取特定位置,影响DNA结合和RNA退出通道.
  • 一个扩展的链接域连接着西格玛的N和C终端域,穿过活性部位和RNA输出通道.

结论:

  • 全酶结构揭示了关键功能领域的空间组织.
  • 为理解转录中间体复合体和启动机制提供了一个结构基础.