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Updated: Jan 11, 2026
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随机试验报告的质量作为方法质量的衡量标准
Karin Huwiler-Müntener1, Peter Jüni, Christoph Junker
1Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland. huwiler@ispm.unibe.ch
JAMA
|June 1, 2002
概括
报告质量并不总是反映随机对照试验 (RCT) 的方法质量. 报道不足的试验可能仍然具有良好的方法,报道良好的试验可能具有方法上的缺陷.
科学领域:
- 临床试验方法论 临床试验方法论
- 基于证据的医学基于证据的医学.
- 研究质量评估研究质量评估
背景情况:
- 评估随机对照试验 (RCT) 的方法质量对于基于证据的医疗保健至关重要.
- 发表的RCT报告可能遗漏了关键的方法细节,导致使用报告质量作为方法质量的代理.
- 本研究探讨了报告质量与已发表的RCT的实际方法质量之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 检查报告质量与已发表的随机对照试验的方法严格性之间的相关性.
- 确定高质量的报告是否准确地表明RCT中的高质量方法.
- 评估可能存在的差异,在这些差异中,良好的方法可能会被报告得不好,反之亦然.
主要方法:
- 对1985年至1997年间发表的60项安慰剂对照试验进行了系统审查.
- 报告质量是根据"报告试验综合标准" (CONSORT) 准则的25项标准进行评估的.
- 方法质量指标包括分配隐藏,遮蔽和治疗意图分析;在报告质量组之间进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 报告质量较低的试验 (中位数9) 往往缺乏分配隐藏 (除1) 之外,但具有足够的盲目化 (70%) 和治疗意图分析 (39%).
- 报告质量高的试验 (中位数为18) 显示了更好的,但不是普遍的分配隐藏 (44%),适当的盲目化 (89%) 和治疗意图分析 (72%).
- 在使用治疗意图与治疗分析的试验之间没有发现报告得分的显著差异 (P =.67).
结论:
- 报告质量可能会掩盖RCT基础方法质量的重大差异.
- 经过良好进行的试验可能会被报告得不好,反之,经过良好报告的试验可能存在方法上的缺陷.
- 报告质量和RCT的方法质量维度之间需要明确区分.
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