前带带状:与奖励等待程度相关的单个神经元信号
Munetaka Shidara1, Barry J Richmond
1Neuroscience Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan. m.shidara@aist.go.jp
概括
随着奖励的临近,子表现出增加的动机,前带皮质神经元反映了这种不断变化的奖励期望. 在诸如强迫症和药物滥用等疾病中,这种神经活动可能会发生变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 执行奖励计划的子在奖励接近时表现出减少的错误率.
- 这种行为变化表明动机和/或奖励期望的增加.
研究的目的:
- 调查前带皮质 (ACC) 中奖励期望变化的神经相关性.
- 探索ACC活动在改变奖励处理条件下的作用.
主要方法:
- 在执行奖励计划期间,子的ACC中单个神经元的记录.
- 对神经反应相对于奖励的近距离线索和预期的分析.
主要成果:
- 大约三分之一的记录的ACC神经元显示,随着奖励期望,反应逐渐变化.
- 当奖励线索被随机分配时,这种渐进的神经反应消失了.
- 观察到与奖励期望相关的神经进展变化.
结论:
- ACC神经活动动态跟踪任务执行期间的奖励期望.
- 异常的ACC神经进展可能是强迫症和药物滥用的奖励处理障碍的基础.
相关概念视频
Synaptic Signaling
Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
The Synapse
Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
Synaptic Signaling
Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
Neural Circuits
Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...
Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay
The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological states or needs.
Neuronal Communication
Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...


