在社区范围内的运动之后,对儿童的抗生素处方发生了变化
Joseph F Perz1, Allen S Craig, Christopher S Coffey
1Epidemic Intelligence Service, Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
JAMA
|June 19, 2002
概括
在诺克斯县,一个社区教育活动成功地将儿童不必要的抗生素处方减少了11%. 这个倡议针对医疗保健提供者和家长,以打击抗生素耐药性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 卫生教育卫生教育教育
背景情况:
- 过度使用抗生素助长微生物耐药性,威胁到有效的细菌感染治疗.
- 在入侵性肺炎链球菌的抗生素耐药性高率 (>50%) 在田纳西州诺克斯县观察到.
- 解决儿童群体不适当使用抗生素的问题是一个关键的公共卫生问题.
研究的目的:
- 评估一项旨在减少儿童不适当处方抗生素的全社区教育干预措施的有效性.
- 评估一个多方面的运动在特定地理区域对抗生素使用的影响.
主要方法:
- 在田纳西州诺克斯县 (1997年5月至1998年4月) 实施了一年的全社区教育活动.
- 其他三个主要的城市田纳西县没有类似的运动作为控制组.
- 评估包括分析田纳西州医疗补助管理护理计划的儿童 (15岁以下) 口服抗生素处方率.
主要成果:
- 在诺克斯县,抗生素处方率下降了19%,而对照县则下降了8%,导致干预导致的下降率为11% (P<.001).
- 这种减少在1岁至5岁以下的儿童中最为明显,干预导致的减少在白人儿童中为8%,在黑人儿童中为18% (P<.001).
结论:
- 基于社区的教育干预有效降低了儿童抗生素处方率.
- 针对医疗保健提供者和家长的有针对性的教育努力可以减轻不适当的抗生素使用.
- 这一战略显示出对更广泛的实施,以打击抗生素耐药性的承诺.
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