神经性障碍中人格状态的变化
Helen Seivewright1, Peter Tyrer, Tony Johnson
1Department of Public Mental Health, Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine and Medical Research Council Unit, Cambridge, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 10, 2002
概括
人格特征可以随着时间的推移而发生显著变化,这与常见的假设相反. 这项研究发现,耀眼的性格特征减少了,而焦虑和古怪的特征在12年内增加了.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 纵向研究 纵向研究
背景情况:
- 人格障碍通常被认为是随着时间的推移而稳定的.
- 以前的研究并没有广泛记录神经性障碍患者的长期个性变化.
研究的目的:
- 在12年的时间内,评估神经性障碍患者的个性变化.
- 挑战精神病患者人格稳定性的假设.
主要方法:
- 对178名患有DSM-III神经障碍的患者 (最初为202人) 的长度评估.
- 使用人格评估表进行12年后的重新评估.
- 基线人格状况与12年随访数据进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 显著降低了B组 (狂热) 个性特征 (反社会,剧情) 的突出程度.
- 群A (奇怪,古怪) 和群C (焦虑,恐惧) 个性特征的突出程度显著增加.
- 基线和12年个性集群之间的不良一致性 (kappa=0.14) 表明了实质性的变化.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了假设人格特征在很大程度上随着时间的推移而不变的假设.
- 患有神经障碍的人的个性特征在12年内可能会发生重大变化.
- 治疗和时间似乎影响了特定个性集群的表达.
相关概念视频
Traits and States
Personality traits represent consistent patterns in behavior, thoughts, and emotions, reflecting an individual's tendencies across various situations. For example, extraversion, a well-known trait, manifests in individuals as talkative, energetic, and enthusiastic behaviors. These traits are stable over time, offering a reliable framework for predicting how people might act in different contexts. However, they do not define every moment of an individual's life. In contrast to traits, states are...
Self-Report Tests of Personality
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid
Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic
Schizotypal personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder are two distinct psychological conditions classified under personality disorders, each characterized by unique behavioral patterns and social difficulties. Both disorders significantly affect interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being, leading to social isolation and frustration.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Eccentric Behavior and Social Withdrawal
Schizotypal personality disorder is marked by odd or eccentric...
Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Eccentric Behavior and Social Withdrawal
Schizotypal personality disorder is marked by odd or eccentric...
Borderline Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
Dark Triad and Person Perception
Person perception is influenced by both external behaviors and the observer’s internal characteristics, including personality traits. Individuals with dark personality traits, comprising psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism — collectively known as the dark triad – exhibit manipulative and exploitative tendencies in social contexts. These traits affect how they perceive others and how they are perceived.The Role of Dark Personality Traits in Person PerceptionBlack et al. (2014) explored...


