在过渡金属催化原子转移激素过程中确定激活,失活和启动速率常数的一般方法
Tomislav Pintauer1, Peng Zhou, Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
1Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 11, 2002
概括
一种新方法通过使用单体捕捉和持久激素效应分析来确定原子转移激素聚合 (ATRP) 的速率常数. 这种方法准确地量化了常见的ATRP发起者的激活,关闭和启动速率常量.
科学领域:
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
- 物理化学 物理化学
背景情况:
- 原子转移基聚合 (ATRP) 是控制的聚合物合成的关键技术.
- 精确确定像激活 (ka),失活 (kd) 和启动 (ki) 等动力参数的速率常数对于优化ATRP流程至关重要.
- 确定这些速率常数的现有方法可能很复杂或缺乏一般适用性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种用于确定原子转移激进过程中的激活 (ka),失活 (kd) 和启动 (ki) 速率常数的一般方法.
- 将这种方法应用于特定的ATRP系统,并将结果与文献值进行比较.
主要方法:
- 采用了单体捕获技术,并结合了持续激素效应的分析溶液.
- 作为启动剂,使用了三乙基二烯酸盐和甲基二烯酸盐.
- 使用的ATRP催化剂[CuI(dNbpy) [2][Br]和甲基甲基酸盐在22°C的乙二中.
主要成果:
- 对于 tert-butyl 2-bromopropionate,确定 ka = (9.4 ± 0.6) x 10−3 M−1s−1, kd = (8.5 ± 1.2) x 106 M−1s−1,以及 ki = (5.5 ± 0.9) x 104 M−1s−1.
- 对于三丁二烯酸的确定的启动速率常数与文献值 (6.0 x 104 M−1s−1) 有很好的一致性.
- 对于甲基2-甲,确定ka = (26 ± 5.9) x 10−3 M−1s−1,kd = (29 ± 7.3) x 106 M−1s−1,和ki = (5.7 ± 1.6) x 104 M−1s−1.
结论:
- 拟议的方法提供了一种可靠和通用的方法来量化ATRP中的动速常数.
- 经过验证的方法证实了激素聚合过程中动力参数确定的准确性.
- 这种技术对于推进原子转移激进过程的理解和控制有价值.
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