最早的玛雅文明使用了可可
W Jeffrey Hurst1, Stanley M Tarka, Terry G Powis
1Hershey Foods Technical Center, PO Box 805, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA. whurst@hersheys.com
Nature
|July 19, 2002
概括
早在公元前600年,前古玛雅人就消费了巧克力 (Theobroma cacao),根据来自比利兹科尔哈的残留物分析. 这将可可使用的化学证据推迟了1000年.
科学领域:
- 考古化学 考古化学 考古化学
- 古老民族植物学.
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 玛雅文明,特别是在前古典时期,有复杂的食品和饮料制备实践.
- 陶器皿是了解古代饮食和文化实践的关键文物.
研究的目的:
- 为了化学分析在贝利兹科尔哈的玛雅陶器皿中发现的残留物.
- 确定前古玛雅人可可 (Theobroma cacao) 消费的最早证据.
主要方法:
- 使用高性能液态色谱学与大气压化学电离质谱学 (HPLC-APCI-MS) 结合使用干燥残留样本的分析.
- 识别可可存在的特定化学标记物.
主要成果:
- 化学分析证实了喷出的陶容器中存在可可残留物.
- 有证据表明,前古玛雅人的可可消费可以追溯到公元前600年.
结论:
- 可可使用的最早的化学证据已经被推迟了大约1000年.
- 使用的敏感分析技术可用于识别其他古代食品和饮料残留物.
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