血清素载体遗传变异和人类杏仁体的反应
Ahmad R Hariri1, Venkata S Mattay, Alessandro Tessitore
1Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 20, 2002
概括
血清素载体基因 (SLC6A4) 的短等位基因与对恐惧的反应中杏仁体活性升高有关. 这种遗传变异可能解释了与短SLC6A4等位基因相关的焦虑和恐惧行为增加.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 血清素转运基因 (SLC6A4) 促进分子多态性影响神经病和焦虑.
- 血清素 (5-基三胺,5-HT) 影响恐惧和焦虑,杏仁核对这些行为至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,SLC6A4基因型与焦虑特征之间存在不一致的联系.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究SLC6A4促进体多态性和杏仁体活动在对恐惧刺激的反应之间的关系.
- 为了确定SLC6A4中的遗传变异是否会影响与情绪行为相关的大脑反应.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 使用BOLD信号测量杏仁体神经元活动.
- 在具有SLC6A4促进体多态 (s/s或s/l与l/l基因型) 短 (s) 和长 (l) 基因组的个体之间对恐惧刺激的杏仁体反应的比较.
主要成果:
- 具有短SLC6A4等位基 (s/s或s/l) 的一个或两个副本的个体在对恐惧刺激的反应中表现出显著更大的杏仁体活性,与长等位基 (l/l) 的同卵性个体相比.
- 这种增强的杏仁体反应被观察到,尽管短等位基因与降低的血清载体表达和功能有关.
结论:
- 遗传驱动的SLC6A4基因变异影响杏仁体对情绪刺激的兴奋性.
- 不同的杏仁体反应能力可能是与短SLC6A4等位基因相关的恐惧和焦虑行为增加的基础.
- 这些发现突出了一个神经生物学机制,将特定的遗传变异与情绪处理和精神病理联系起来.
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