模范国家紧急卫生权力法案:规划和应对生物恐怖主义和自然发生的传染病
Lawrence O Gostin1, Jason W Sapsin, Stephen P Teret
1Center for Law and the Public's Health, Georgetown University, 600 New Jersey Ave NW, Washington, DC 20001, USA. gostin@law.georgetown.edu
JAMA
|August 2, 2002
概括
模范州紧急卫生权力法案 (MSEHPA) 为公共卫生紧急情况提供了现代法律工具,解决了过时的法律问题. 它平衡了公共安全与个人权利,以便更好地做好准备和应对.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生法 公共卫生法
- 应急准备情况 应急准备情况
- 生物安全是生物安全.
背景情况:
- 当前州的公共卫生法律往往过时,不一致,并且对生物恐怖主义或流行病等现代威胁不够适用.
- 这些法律往往早于公共卫生科学和宪法法的重大进展.
- 更新法律框架的需要对于有效的公共卫生紧急情况管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 引入国家紧急卫生权力法案 (MSEHPA) 作为公共卫生紧急情况的全面法律框架.
- 为国家行为者提供必要的权力,以检测和制健康威胁.
- 确保公共卫生法律现代化,一致和有效.
主要方法:
- 乔治敦大学和约翰霍普金斯大学的法律专家起草了MSEHPA.
- 该法案围绕五个核心公共卫生功能进行结构化:准备,监视,财产管理,人员保护和通信.
- 纳入现代化的原则,以保障个人权利在紧急权力范围内.
主要成果:
- 该MSEHPA为公共卫生准备和反应提供了一个结构化的法律基础.
- 它概述了监督,资源管理和紧急情况下的保护措施的具体权力.
- 该法案包括规定,以平衡公共卫生需求与个人自由和正义.
结论:
- 美国公共卫生卫生应急准备署 (MSEHPA) 是提高州级公共卫生应急准备的重要工具.
- 现代化公共卫生法律对于有效应对生物恐怖主义和疾病爆发至关重要.
- 宪法民主需要平衡集体安全与个人权利和尊严.
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