黑海的微生物礁由甲无氧氧化为燃料
Walter Michaelis1, Richard Seifert, Katja Nauhaus
1Institute of Biogeochemistry and Marine Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany. michaelis@geowiss.uni-hamburg.de
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 10, 2002
概括
黑海甲透处的微生物地毯将甲碳纳入生物质和碳酸盐中. 这些古生物和细菌的联盟驱动碳酸盐沉和生物质积累,影响地球.
科学领域:
- 地质微生物学的生物.
- 生物地质化学循环的过程
- 海洋科学 海洋科学
背景情况:
- 大规模的微生物在无氧黑海架水中的甲入口中壮成长.
- 这些地毯形成了广泛的碳酸盐堆积,高达4米.
- 之前的研究已经强调了微生物活动在碳酸盐形成中的作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究驱动碳酸盐降水和生物质积累在黑海甲泄漏的微生物过程.
- 为了确定融入微生物地毯和相关碳酸盐的碳的来源.
- 了解这些过程对古代碳循环的含义.
主要方法:
- 微生物组成的分析,重点是古生物 (ANME-1) 和硫酸盐减少细菌 (Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus).
- 稳定同位素分析 (13C耗尽) 以追踪碳合并.
- 在体外化实验中观察甲无氧氧化 (AOM) 与硫酸盐还原相结合.
主要成果:
- 显著的13C耗尽证实了甲碳融入碳酸盐,生物质和脂质中.
- 微生物地毯主要由ANME-1古生物和Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus细菌主导. 微生物地毯主要由ANME-1古生物和Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus细菌主导.
- 实验室化表明,这些微生物联盟执行甲的无氧氧化与硫酸盐减少相结合.
结论:
- 在甲漏的无氧微生物联盟能够诱导碳酸盐沉和显著的生物质生产.
- 这些发现为无氧环境中的碳循环机制提供了洞察力.
- 这项研究对理解地球地质过去类似过程具有重要意义.
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