皮酸甲:总合成,绝对和相对配置的赋值,以及合成类型的评估
相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 9, 2026

11:00
Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides
Published on: June 24, 2013
Barry M Trost1, Janet L Gunzner, Olivier Dirat
1Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 29, 2002
概括
抗瘤剂callipeltoside A和类似物的总合成完成,建立了它的立体化学. 这项工作提供了对结构-活动关系的见解,突出了糖部分.
科学领域:
- 有机合成 有机合成
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 化学生物学 化学生物学
背景情况:
- 皮酸A是一种新型抗瘤剂,具有未指定的立体化学成分.
- 了解结构-活性关系 (SAR) 对于开发有效的癌症疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了实现callipeltoside A及其类型的总合成.
- 为了赋予之前未确定的callipeltoside A.的立体化学.
- 调查卡利皮尔托西德A的SAR,重点关注其结构组件的作用.
主要方法:
- 采用了融合合成策略,将分子剖析成三个关键单元:麦克罗拉克顿,卡利皮尔托斯糖和环基载链.
- 关键反应包括二聚选择性阿尔多尔反应,使用CBS-oxazaborolidine减少,用催化不对称的基化 (AAA),基合,用催化烯合成,通过乙烯基基进行巨乳化和使用O-trichloroacetimidate进行糖化.
- 开发了一种新的单olefin转化-Takai olefination协议,用于侧链附着.
主要成果:
- 成功完成了callipeltoside A和几种类型的总合成.
- 确定了callipeltoside A的立体化学,包括C-20 (S) 和C-21 (R) 配置.
- 合成提供了对麦克罗拉克和两种跨-cyclopropane diastereomers 的C-13 epimers 的访问.
结论:
- 融合合成,与16个步骤的路径,以macrolactone,是适合SAR研究.
- 初步的生物测试表明,替代剂对活性不至关重要,而糖部分至关重要.
- 开发的合成方法,特别是催化工艺和单油精制协议,具有广泛的适用性.
相关概念视频
Relative Strengths of Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
Brønsted-Lowry acid-base chemistry is the transfer of protons; thus, logic suggests a relation between the relative strengths of conjugate acid-base pairs. The strength of an acid or base is quantified in its ionization constant, Ka or Kb, which represents the extent of the acid or base ionization reaction. For the conjugate acid-base pair HA / A−, the ionization equilibrium equations and ionization constant expressions are
Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview
Carboxylic acid derivatives are formed by replacing the hydroxyl group of carboxylic acids with a different functional group. The most common carboxylic acid derivatives are:
Acidity and Basicity of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acids are the strongest among organic acids, as they readily lose the hydroxyl proton to form a resonance-stabilized carboxylate ion. In comparison, the acid derivatives lack acidic hydrogens directly attached to a functional group. In these compounds, the acidic nature arises from their ability to lose α hydrogens, making them weakly acidic.
The relative acidic strength of the derivatives can be explained based on the extent of resonance stabilization of the conjugate base. The...
The relative acidic strength of the derivatives can be explained based on the extent of resonance stabilization of the conjugate base. The...
Relative Reactivity of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives such as acid halides, anhydrides, esters, and amides undergo nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions with varying degrees of reactivity.
A key factor in assessing the reactivity of the acid derivatives is the basicity of the substituent or the leaving group. The lower the basicity of the leaving group, the higher the reactivity of the derivative. The basicity of the leaving group follows this order:
Halide ions < Acyloxy ions < Alkoxy ions < Amine ions
A key factor in assessing the reactivity of the acid derivatives is the basicity of the substituent or the leaving group. The lower the basicity of the leaving group, the higher the reactivity of the derivative. The basicity of the leaving group follows this order:
Halide ions < Acyloxy ions < Alkoxy ions < Amine ions
Complexation Equilibria: Overview
Complexation reactions take place when dative or coordinate covalent bonds form between metal ions and ligands. The compounds formed in these reactions are called coordination compounds. The number of bonds formed between the metal ion and the ligands is called its coordination number. Generally, most metal ions in an aqueous solution are solvated by water molecules and thus exist as aqua complexes.
The equilibrium constant of the complexation reaction is represented as the formation constant...
The equilibrium constant of the complexation reaction is represented as the formation constant...
Composition of Polyprotic Acid Solutions as a Function of pH
Polyprotic acids of the type H2M constitute two ionizable protons. As a result, on titration with a base, they exhibit two equivalence points in the titration curve. During titration, the species H2M, HM−, and M2− will be present in the solution at different points. The fractions of H2M, HM−, and M2− present at the various instances of the titration are denoted by α0, α1, and α2, respectively.
A graph with the alpha values is plotted against the volume of base added during titration. Here, a...
A graph with the alpha values is plotted against the volume of base added during titration. Here, a...

