长链基酸的自我组装结构受到双键的引入的影响
Jong Hwa Jung1, George John, Kaname Yoshida
1CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Nanoarchitectonics Research Center (NARC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 4, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 5, 2002
概括
研究人员合成了基化物两性生物,并研究了它们的自我组装. 链中cis双键的数量显著影响了由此产生的分子结构,形成像螺旋纤维和纳米管这样的结构.
科学领域:
- 超分子化学 超分子化学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 有机合成 有机合成
背景情况:
- 两类分子是具有水友性和疏水性部分的分子,对于自组装成有组织结构至关重要.
- 控制两动物的自我组装是设计具有特定性质的新材料的关键.
- 长链基化物为探索自组装系统中的结构属性关系提供了一个多功能平台.
研究的目的:
- 合成各种不同程度不和度的新型长链基化两类药物.
- 为了研究这些合成化合物的自我组装行为.
- 阐明两的结构之间的关系,特别是基链中的不和,以及由此产生的自我组装形态.
主要方法:
- 合成四个长链基化物两性分子与和或不和基链.
- 使用先进技术进行自我组装的表征:电子场传输电子显微镜 (EF-TEM),扫描电子显微镜 (SEM).
- 通过循环二重化 (CD),里埃变形红外光谱学 (FT-IR) 和X射线衍射 (XRD) 进行结构分析.
主要成果:
- 化合物2 (一个双键) 形成了双层结构 (3.59 nm周期) 的扭曲螺旋纤维.
- 复合体3展示了螺旋丝带和左手纳米管 (150-200纳米内部直径,~20纳米壁).
- 化合物4 (三个双键) 通过螺旋带显示纳米管状结构 (~70 nm内径),形成一个松散的双层 (4.62 nm).
结论:
- 基葡萄糖双胞胎的脂性部分的不和程度极大地决定了它们的自我组装行为.
- 特定数量的cis双键会导致不同的超分子结构,包括螺旋纤维和纳米管.
- 这项研究强调了通过受控的结构修改来微调分子自我组装的潜力.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Protein Organization
Overview
Peptide Bonds
A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
Ligand Binding and Linkage
Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked. In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence the...
Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
GPCR Desensitization
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling plays a crucial role in cell functioning. GPCR desensitization is an equally essential process. It allows cells to respond to changing environments and regain sensitivity to new stimuli while preventing unnecessary stimulation when no longer needed. Prolonged exposure to stimuli leads to GPCR desensitization. It involves blocking the receptors from binding and activating additional G proteins. This inhibits activation of downstream effectors, thereby...
Structure of Cadherins
The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins” is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This diversity of cadherins...


