活性基因在基因素H3的K4处三甲基化
Helena Santos-Rosa1, Robert Schneider, Andrew J Bannister
1Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Institute and Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK.
Nature
|September 28, 2002
概括
基因组 lysine 甲基化,特别是基因组 H3 上 lysine 4 (K4) 的三甲基化,是活跃基因表达的关键指标. 这种由酵母中的Set1蛋白催化的表观遗传标记,可以区分活跃基因和非活跃基因.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因规则 基因规则
背景情况:
- 希斯 lysine甲基化发生在单基,二基和三基甲基状态.
- 在活性 euchromatin 中发现了 histone H3 lysine 4 (K4) 的二甲基化,但不是 heterochromatin.
- 研究了Saccharomyces cerevisiae Set1蛋白在K4甲基化中的作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究Saccharomyces cerevisiae Set1蛋白在催化K4的二甲基和三甲基化中的作用.
- 为了确定与基因活性相关的K4的特定甲基化状态.
- 确定甲基作为基因表达的决定因素的地位.
主要方法:
- 使用了针对二甲基化和三甲基化K4的特定抗体.
- 评估基因活性与K4甲基化状态相关.
- 研究了Set1蛋白在K4.4上的催化活性.
主要成果:
- Set1蛋白催化K4的二甲基化和三甲基化.
- 观察到K4的二甲基化在活跃和不活跃的 euchromatic 基因中.
- K4的三甲基化仅在活跃的基因中发现,与刺激的基因活性相关.
结论:
- K4的三甲基化是活性基因表达的特定标记物.
- 基因组的甲基状态是基因活性的一个关键决定因素.
- 这些发现增加了对基因组修饰和基因调节的理解的复杂性.
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相关概念视频
02:32Position-effect Variegation
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02:32Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
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Acetylation
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02:30Histone Variants at the Centromere
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02:38Heterochromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
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02:38Heterochromatin
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at 9th...
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02:32Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...