在美国成年人中肥胖的流行率和趋势,1999-2000年
Katherine M Flegal1, Margaret D Carroll, Cynthia L Ogden
1National Center for Health Statistics, 6525 Belcrest Rd, Room 900, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA. kmf2@cdc.gov
JAMA
|October 9, 2002
概括
在1999-2000年间,美国成年人中肥胖和超重率显著增加,测量数据证实了先前的自我报告趋势. 这些发现强调了解决不断上升的身体质量指数 (BMI) 水平的公共卫生重要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 在美国,肥胖和超重的患病率在1978年至1991年间有所增加.
- 以前的报道显示持续上升,但依赖于自我报告的数据,需要通过客观测量进行验证.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国成年人中超重 (体重指数 (BMI) ≥25) 和肥胖 (BMI ≥30) 的趋势和患病率.
- 利用测量的身高和体重数据进行准确的评估,与之前的自我报告估计相对比.
主要方法:
- 1999-2000年对4115名成年男性和女性进行了一项调查.
- 数据是作为国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的一部分收集的,确保了美国人口的全国代表性样本.
- 根据年龄调整的患病率被计算出来,并与以前的调查进行了比较,对不同性别,年龄组和种族/民族类别进行了具体估计.
主要成果:
- 根据年龄调整的肥胖率在1999-2000年上升至30.5%,高于1988-1994年的22.9% (NHANES III).
- 在同一时期,超重的发病率从55.9%增加到64.5%.
- 极度肥胖 (BMI ≥40) 也出现了显著的上升,从2.9%上升到4.7%. 在大多数人口群体中观察到增加,非西班牙裔黑人女性的比例最高.
结论:
- 在美国观察到的肥胖和超重患病率的上升趋势持续到1999-2000年.
- 这些发现强调了旨在减少超重和肥胖的战略对公共卫生的重要性.
- 测量数据证实BMI类别的显著增加,强调需要有效的公共卫生干预措施.
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