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在成人皮层中长期树突性脊柱的稳定性

Jaime Grutzendler¹, Narayanan Kasthuri, Wen-Biao Gan

¹Molecular Neurobiology Program, Skirball Institute, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA.

|December 20, 2002

概括

大脑中的突触在年轻动物中是动态的,但在成年人中变得高度稳定. 成人的大脑中这种脊柱稳定性可能为长期记忆储存提供结构基础.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
细胞生物学细胞生物学
发展生物学发展生物学

背景情况:

突触结构动力学对神经系统的发育和可塑性至关重要.
哺乳动物大脑中的激发性轴突突突触主要发生在树突上.
在体内树突棘的长期变化仍然不太了解.

研究的目的:

为了研究长期的树突棘的结构动态在发育和成年哺乳动物的大脑.
为了了解长状棘的稳定性和循环率在体内随时间变化.

主要方法:

开发了一种用于体内观察的横双光子成像技术.
在活的转基因小鼠的初级视觉皮层中追踪了5层金字塔神经元的确定的树突状棘.
在年轻和成年小鼠中,在一个月的时间间隔内量化脊柱稳定性和消除率.

主要成果:

像filopodia这样的树突突突出在年轻小鼠中很丰富,但在成年小鼠中却不存在.
在关键时期的年轻小鼠中,大约73%的脊柱在一个月内保持稳定,大多数变化涉及脊柱的消除.
在成年小鼠中,大约96%的脊柱在一个月内保持稳定,其半衰期超过13个月.

结论:

状棘在早期发育过程中表现出高可塑性.
脊柱在成年大脑中变得非常稳定.
树突脊柱的这种从可塑性到稳定的过渡可能是成年神经系统中长期信息存储的基础.

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