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在美国成年人中过度饮酒.

Timothy S Naimi1, Robert D Brewer, Ali Mokdad

  • 1Alcohol Team, Emerging Investigations, and Analytic Methods Branch , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. tbn7@cdc.gov

JAMA
|December 31, 2002
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

过度饮酒,定义为同时饮用五种或更多种酒精饮料,在美国有所增加. 这一趋势与成年人中驾驶障碍的可能性更高有关.

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科学领域:

  • 公共卫生 公共卫生
  • 流行病学 流行病学
  • 药物滥用研究 药物滥用研究

背景情况:

  • 过度饮酒,其特点是一次饮用5杯或更多的酒精饮料,与急性损伤和不良健康结果有关.
  • 在美国,过度饮酒的发生率似乎在上升.

研究的目的:

  • 为了量化1993-2001年美国成年人中过度饮酒事件的数量.
  • 为了描述参与过度饮酒的个体.
  • 描述各州和地区过度饮酒的地理差异.

主要方法:

  • 利用了来自行为风险因素监测系统 (BRFSS) 的数据,这是美国年龄在18岁及以上的成年人的年度电话调查.
  • 样本大小从1993年的102,263个变化到2001年的212,510个.
  • 测量过度饮酒的患病率,发作的次数和每人每年发作的次数.

主要成果:

  • 在1993年至2001年期间,饮酒过度的总数从12亿增加到15亿.
  • 在研究期间,每人每年的暴饮暴饮事件增加了17% (6.3至7.4),自1995年以来大幅增加了35%.
  • 男人占发病率的81%,虽然18-25岁的发病率最高,但69%的发病率涉及26岁及以上的成年人. 适度饮酒者占过度饮酒者的73%.
  • 过度饮酒者与不过度饮酒者相比,在酒精影响下驾驶的可能性是14倍.

结论:

  • 过度饮酒在美国的各种成年人群中普遍存在,包括26岁以上的人群.
  • 人均暴饮暴饮事件的频率有所增加,特别是在1995年后.
  • 过度饮酒与酒后驾驶有很强的相关性,需要广泛采用预防性干预措施和查滥用酒精.