在社会性虫Dictyostelium discoideum中单基因绿胡子效应
David C Queller1, Eleonora Ponte, Salvatore Bozzaro
1Department of Ecology and Evolution, MS-170, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA. Queller@rice.edu
概括
在Dictyostelium discoideum中的csA基因充当单基因绿胡子,使利他主义成为可能. 这种基因允许野生类型细胞通过同型细胞粘附优先帮助其他野生类型细胞.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 生殖性利他主义是受选择的青,当等位基因帮助亲属时.
- "绿胡子"机制,即单个基因识别并帮助自己的副本,被认为对单个基因来说过于复杂.
- 迪西奥斯蒂 (Dictyostelium discoideum) csA基因为这种复杂性提供了一个潜在的例外.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究cSA基因在Dictyostelium discoideum中的功能.
- 为了确定csA基因是否作为单基因"绿胡子"机制.
- 了解csA基因如何影响利他主义行为和细胞与细胞相互作用.
主要方法:
- 将野生类型的Dictyostelium discoideum细胞与csA-knockout细胞进行比较.
- 在混合种群中分析细胞行为和利他性相互作用.
- 研究csA编码的蛋白质在细胞粘附中的作用.
主要成果:
- 野生型细胞与csA-knockout细胞混合时表现出更大的利他主义.
- 野生类型细胞优先将利益转向其他野生类型细胞.
- 这些行为与同型细胞粘附直接相关,这种粘附是由csa基因产物介导的.
结论:
- csA基因在Dictyostelium discoideum中充当单基因"绿胡子"的功能.
- 同性细胞的粘附通过csA蛋白使亲属识别和有针对性的利他主义.
- 这一发现挑战了单基因绿胡子机制过于复杂,无法进化这一观念.
更多相关视频
09:36Detecting Protein Subcellular Localization by Green Fluorescence Protein Tagging and 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole Staining in Caenorhabditis elegans
Published on: July 30, 2018
06:08Genetic Engineering of Dictyostelium discoideum Cells Based on Selection and Growth on Bacteria
Published on: January 25, 2019
相关概念视频
Position-effect Variegation
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
Reporter Genes
Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
Commonly used reporter...
Commonly used reporter...
