在厄瓜多尔西南部,植物石证实了早期Holocene Cucurbita化在厄瓜多尔西南部
Dolores R Piperno1, Karen E Stothert
1Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), Balboa, Panama.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 15, 2003
概括
厄瓜多尔的早期Holocene Cucurbita植物石表明大约12,000年前化了南瓜种植. 这表明植物化在南美洲低地独立出现,在中美洲之前或与中美洲相吻合.
科学领域:
- 考古植物学 考古植物学
- 古老民族植物学.
- 南美考古学 南美考古学
背景情况:
- 植物石分析对于在考古学背景下识别植物遗骸至关重要.
- 南美洲早期的全新世时期是了解早期农业的关键.
- 虫物种 (南瓜和南瓜) 是重要的早期化物.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究植物化的起源在南美洲低地.
- 为了确定在厄瓜多尔种植Cucurbita的古老性.
- 为了比较南美和中美洲的植物食品生产时间.
主要方法:
- 从厄瓜多尔早期的全新世纪考古遗址中恢复和分析植物石.
- 考古层的直接放射性碳测年.
- 恢复的植物石与现代野生和化的Cucurbita taxa的比较.
主要成果:
- 被认定为Cucurbita的植物石从1,1309320 BP (大约. 12,000 10,000 卡路里 BP). 这是一个很好的方法.
- 恢复的植物石比现代野生Cucurbita的植物石要大得多,这表明化.
- 有证据表明,在末期的普莱斯托时代,野生Cucurbita的开发先于化.
结论:
- 化的Cucurbita在南美洲的低地存在于早期的Holocene.
- 这为该地区植物食品生产的独立出现提供了证据.
- 在南美洲低地,植物的化与中美洲高地同时代或稍早一些.
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