居民的起源,历史和设计与居民匹配
1Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass, USA. al_roth@harvard.edu
JAMA
|February 18, 2003
概括
医疗实习匹配系统从混乱的早期报价演变为一个集中式的计划,改善学生和医院的选择. 这个系统现在适应了复杂的需求,比如对夫妇的匹配.
科学领域:
- 医疗教育 医学教育
- 医疗保健管理部门的管理.
- 在 GME 匹配程序中.
背景情况:
- 20世纪初医疗实习生和实习生的激烈竞争导致提前提供日期.
- 到20世纪40年代,在初三年就开始提供实习机会,医院的绩效数据有限,学生的选择不确定.
研究的目的:
- 描述医疗实习申请和匹配过程的历史演变.
- 解释一个集中式系统的发展,以管理实习机会,并改善申请人和机构的结果.
主要方法:
- 从20世纪初到现在,对实习任命过程的历史分析.
- 检查从分散的过渡,早期的报价到一个集中的匹配计划.
主要成果:
- 早期实习提供创造了混乱,医院和学生面临着重大决策压力.
- 为了合理化这一过程,建立了一个集中清算中心,演变成目前的匹配计划.
- 匹配算法一直在不断更新,以满足不断变化的申请人需求,包括双重职业情侣实习.
结论:
- 一个集中匹配程序的开发显著减少了医疗实习安排的混乱.
- 该计划的适应性,包括处理夫妇匹配的能力,证明了它在研究生医学教育中的持续重要性.
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