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通过类似胰岛素的信号对衰老的内分泌调节

Marc Tatar1, Andrzej Bartke, Adam Antebi

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 1, 2003
PubMed
概括

降低胰岛素类信号延长物种的寿命,通过影响衰老途径. 虽然在无脊椎动物和哺乳动物中保存,但哺乳动物中精确的激素机制需要进一步研究.

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Hormonal Regulation

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Feedback Loops

In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
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Regulation of Hormone Secretion

Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral stimuli,...
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Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
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Hormones Secreted by the Stomach

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Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

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