共同进化的军备竞赛的升级通过宿主拒绝繁殖寄生虫幼
Naomi E Langmore1, Sarah Hunt, Rebecca M Kilner
1School of Botany and Zoology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia. naomi.langmore@anu.edu.au
Nature
|March 14, 2003
概括
宿主鸟类放弃巢穴,鸟的幼驱逐兄弟姐妹,这表明卵后的防御进化. 这表明,古古鸟的化模仿进化来抵制宿主对驱逐者繁殖寄生虫的歧视.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 子寄生在鸟巢上,给宿主鸟类带来了巨大的生殖成本.
- 宿主对寄生者的防御主要针对卵子阶段,使它们易受化剥削的影响.
- 驱逐所有宿主幼的子对宿主防御构成了独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查宿主在产卵后对古古鸟幼的歧视.
- 探索宿主防御的共同进化影响,延伸到卵子阶段之外.
- 为了确定宿主放弃巢穴与驱逐巢的幼是否导致繁殖寄生虫的巢模仿.
主要方法:
- 对精的仙女 (Malurus cyaneus) 的观察研究及其与霍斯菲尔德的青铜 (Chrysococcyx basalis) 和闪亮的青铜 (Chrysococcyx lucidus) 的相互作用.
- 试验性操纵巢中的内容,以评估宿主对单鸟幼的反应.
- 对宿主放弃率的分析,与特定的库库种的存在有关.
主要成果:
- 精彩的仙女的卵防御很容易被专家霍斯菲尔德的青铜子绕过.
- 主人放弃了40%的巢穴,其中只有一个Horsfield的青铜子,100%的巢穴只有一个闪亮的青铜子.
- 实验证实了宿主对驱逐类型古古鸟的歧视.
结论:
- 宿主对幼寄生虫的防御可以演变为包括巢识别和放弃.
- 宿主对驱逐巢的歧视的演化,在繁殖寄生中为巢模仿创造了选择性压力.
- 这项研究揭示了和它们的主体之间的共同进化军备竞赛中的关键卵后阶段.
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