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Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides
Published on: June 24, 2013
C3v对称受体对酸盐具有很高的选择性和高度亲和力
Suzanne L Tobey1, Benjamin D Jones, Eric V Anslyn
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 3, 2003
概括
三脚金属受体1和2对水溶液中的酸盐识别具有很高的选择性和亲和力. 这些C3v对称受体,围绕Cu(II) 原子预先组织,在中性pH时有效地结合酸盐.
科学领域:
- 超分子化学 超分子化学
- 协调化学 协调化学
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 三脚带提供金属结合的预组织.
- 金属受体可以设计为特定的离子识别.
- C3v对称性是四面体互补性的设计原则.
研究的目的:
- 报告新型三脚金属受体1和2的酸盐结合能力.
- 研究这些受体在水性介质中对酸盐的选择性和亲和力.
- 用光谱和计算方法来表征结合相互作用.
主要方法:
- 合成C3v对称的三脚式金属受体.
- 紫外线/紫外线定位用于监测离子结合.
- 结合算法的应用来量化关联常量.
主要成果:
- 受体1和2对酸盐具有很高的选择性和亲和力.
- 在中性pH的水性介质中观察到酸盐结合.
- 对酸盐结合的关联常数 (Ka) 确定为 2.5 x 10^4 M^-1 对受体1和 1.5 x 10^4 M^-1 对受体2.
结论:
- 设计的三脚式金属受体有效地识别和结合酸盐.
- 在Cu (II) 中心周围的预组织策略增强了受体性能.
- 这些发现有助于选择性离子传感器和受体的发展.
相关概念视频
Ions as Acids and Bases
Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
Polyprotic Acids
Acids are classified by the number of protons per molecule that they can give up in a reaction. Acids such as HCl, HNO3, and HCN that contain one ionizable hydrogen atom in each molecule are called monoprotic acids. Their reactions with water are:
Ligand Binding Sites
Proteins are dynamic macromolecules that carry out a wide variety of essential processes; however, the activities of most proteins depend on their interactions with other molecules or ions, known as ligands.
Protein-ligand interactions are quite specific; even though numerous potential ligands surround a cellular protein at any given time, only a particular ligand can bind to that protein. Moreover, a ligand binds only to a dedicated area on the surface of the protein, known as the...
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Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
In 1923, the Brønsted–Lowry definition of acids and bases was proposed by Johannes Brønsted and Thomas Lowry. According to this theory, a Brønsted acid is defined as a species that donates a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted to its conjugate base. A Brønsted base is defined as a species that accepts a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted into its conjugate acid. These transfers of protons are caused by the displacement of electrons in these reactions, which is...
Relative Reactivity of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives such as acid halides, anhydrides, esters, and amides undergo nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions with varying degrees of reactivity.
A key factor in assessing the reactivity of the acid derivatives is the basicity of the substituent or the leaving group. The lower the basicity of the leaving group, the higher the reactivity of the derivative. The basicity of the leaving group follows this order:
Halide ions < Acyloxy ions < Alkoxy ions < Amine ions
A key factor in assessing the reactivity of the acid derivatives is the basicity of the substituent or the leaving group. The lower the basicity of the leaving group, the higher the reactivity of the derivative. The basicity of the leaving group follows this order:
Halide ions < Acyloxy ions < Alkoxy ions < Amine ions
Ion Exchange
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...

