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相关概念视频

Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Single Engineered RNA Transcripts in Living Cells Using Ratiometric Bimolecular Beacons
12:20

Real-time Imaging of Single Engineered RNA Transcripts in Living Cells Using Ratiometric Bimolecular Beacons

Published on: August 6, 2014

可视化tmRNA进入一个停滞的核糖体.

Mikel Valle1, Reynald Gillet, Sukhjit Kaur

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Wadsworth Center, Health Research, Inc., Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 5, 2003
PubMed
概括

细菌核糖体使用tmRNA (转移和信使RNA) 来挽救停滞不前的翻译. 这项研究揭示了tmRNARNA.

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学
  • 微生物学 微生物学

背景情况:

  • 细菌核糖体在有缺陷的信使RNA (mRNA) 上停滞不前.
  • tmRNA通过作为转移RNA (tRNA) 和mRNA的作用来拯救停滞的核糖体.
  • tmRNA有助于对新生的标记进行降解.

研究的目的:

  • 阐明tmRNA进入和在细菌核糖体内移动的机制.
  • 了解tmRNA如何在核糖体内导航其复杂的拓结构.

主要方法:

  • 使用冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 来确定与核糖体相互作用的tmRNA的结构.
  • 高分辨率结构分析大约在13-15安格斯特罗姆.

主要成果:

  • 化EM结构揭示了tmRNA进入核糖体的详细途径.
  • 该结构解释了tmRNA复杂的拓结构如何允许它穿过核糖体.
  • 这项研究表明,蛋白质S1和SmpB在tmRNA介导的核糖体救援中具有特定的作用.

结论:

  • 结构洞察力为tmRNA的核糖体进入和转位提供了机械的理解.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

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An In Vitro Single-Molecule Imaging Assay for the Analysis of Cap-Dependent Translation Kinetics
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An In Vitro Single-Molecule Imaging Assay for the Analysis of Cap-Dependent Translation Kinetics

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Single Engineered RNA Transcripts in Living Cells Using Ratiometric Bimolecular Beacons
12:20

Real-time Imaging of Single Engineered RNA Transcripts in Living Cells Using Ratiometric Bimolecular Beacons

Published on: August 6, 2014

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
09:21

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

Published on: October 22, 2018

An In Vitro Single-Molecule Imaging Assay for the Analysis of Cap-Dependent Translation Kinetics
09:52

An In Vitro Single-Molecule Imaging Assay for the Analysis of Cap-Dependent Translation Kinetics

Published on: September 15, 2020

  • 蛋白质S1和SmpB作为tmRNA功能中的关键参与者.
  • 这项工作阐明了细菌转化质量控制的一个基本过程.