在植物-鸟协会中的适应
Ethan J Temeles1, W John Kress
1Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. ejtemeles@amherst.edu
概括
蜂鸟的嘴巴形状和花朵形状因食偏好而共同演变. 加勒比海紫色喉的加勒比蜂鸟中的性二重形态驱动着Heliconia的花形态演变.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
- 植物学 植物学
背景情况:
- 加勒比海紫海蜂鸟 (Eulampis jugularis) 的性二态性与其主要食物来源Heliconia caribaea和Heliconia bihai.的花二态性有关.
- 这种蜂鸟物种是这两种Heliconia植物物种的独家授粉者.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究蜂鸟 bill 形态和 Heliconia 花的特征之间的共同适应.
- 了解食偏好如何驱动蜂鸟及其食物植物的性二态的进化.
主要方法:
- 在雄性和雌性蜂鸟中,比较分析了比尔形态.
- 在不同岛屿 (圣卢西亚和多米尼加) 的Heliconia caribaea和Heliconia bihai中检查花形态和颜色形态.
- 评估与花形态和蜂鸟食偏好有关的花奖励.
主要成果:
- 雄性蜂鸟拥有短,直的嘴巴,与H. caribaea的花相匹配.
- 女蜂鸟有长,曲的嘴巴,与H. bihai. 的花相对应.
- 在圣卢西亚,H. bihai进化了第二种颜色形态,以适应雄性蜂鸟;在多米尼加,H. caribaea进化了第二种颜色形态,以适应雌性蜂鸟.
结论:
- 蜂鸟的食偏好,由它们的 Bill 形态和能量需求驱动,导致了 Heliconia 物种的花特征的共同进化.
- 这项研究支持这样一个假设,即授粉者和植物之间的相互选择性压力推动了适应性的进化变化.
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