与人类免疫缺陷病毒相关的儿科恶性瘤的危险因素
Brad H Pollock1, Hal B Jenson, Charles T Leach
1Children's Cancer Research Institute, Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA. bpollock@uthscsa.edu
JAMA
|May 15, 2003
概括
高埃普斯坦-巴尔病毒 (EBV) 病毒载量与患有人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的儿童的癌症风险增加有关,特别是那些CD4细胞数量较高的儿童. 其他因素,如感染路线和齐多夫丁的使用,并不是显著的风险因素.
科学领域:
- 儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 癌症发生在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的儿童中更频繁.
- 这种人群中恶性瘤的特定临床,免疫和病毒风险因素仍未确定.
研究的目的:
- 确定感染艾滋病毒的儿童中恶性瘤的危险因素.
- 研究艾滋病毒感染儿童的爱斯坦-巴尔病毒 (EBV) 和恶性瘤之间的关联.
- 评估CD4细胞计数和抗逆转录病毒治疗在儿科艾滋病毒相关恶性瘤中的作用.
主要方法:
- 一项多中心病例控制研究,涉及43名HIV感染的患有恶性瘤的儿童和74名没有恶性瘤的对照.
- 根据艾滋病毒感染的持续时间对应的参与者,在1992年至1998年之间注册.
- 使用PCR和血清学评估风险因素,包括人口统计,艾滋病毒特征,抗逆转录病毒治疗,CD4细胞计数和冠状病毒感染 (EBV,细胞巨乳病毒,人类疹病毒6).
主要成果:
- 爱斯坦-巴尔病毒 (EBV) 病毒载量>50副本/105个PBMC与CD4计数≥200/μL (OR,11.33;P<.001) 的儿童的癌症风险密切相关.
- 在CD4计数<200/μL (OR,1.12;P=.99) 的儿童中没有观察到这种关联.
- 齐多丁治疗和艾滋病毒感染路线并不是显著的保护性或风险因素.
结论:
- 高的EBV病毒负担与艾滋病毒感染儿童的恶性瘤发展有关,其效果因CD4细胞数量而改变.
- 人口统计,感染途径和齐多夫丁的使用与恶性瘤风险无关.
- 与艾滋病毒相关的儿科恶性瘤的发病原因需要进一步调查,以阐明其他促成因素.
相关概念视频
Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
Immunodeficiency Diseases
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Cytomegalovirus Disease
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...


