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相关概念视频

Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...
Principle of Equivalence01:18

Principle of Equivalence

According to Albert Einstein (1897-1955), free-falling and feeling weightless are intrinsically linked. If a person were in free-fall under gravity, for example, diving towards the Earth from an airplane, they would feel completely weightless. Similarly, a person descending in a lift may feel partially weightless. Broadly speaking, it is assumed that an object in a uniform gravitational field and an object undergoing constant acceleration in the absence of gravity are under the same...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Composite Bodies00:55

Composite Bodies

A composite body is a body made up of multiple parts, connected to form a larger, unified object. Each part has its own weight and center of gravity, which must be considered to determine the center of gravity of the composite body. In cases where the density or specific weight is constant, the center of gravity coincides with the centroid.
Composite bodies have widespread applications in mechanical engineering, from automobiles to aircraft to rockets. For example, an automobile wheel comprises...
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...

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Heterokaryon Technique for Analysis of Cell Type-specific Localization
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Heterokaryon Technique for Analysis of Cell Type-specific Localization

Published on: March 11, 2011

一个多态体被另一个多态体核化.

Lian Yu1

  • 1Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA. yu_lian@lilly.com

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 6, 2003
PubMed
概括

一个多态直接诱导另一个在化结晶的d-mannitol和d-sorbitol. 这一发现是控制化学制造和理解多态核的关键.

科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
  • 晶体学 晶体学是指结晶学.

背景情况:

  • 多态性,固体材料以多种晶体形式存在的能力,显著影响化学产品的特性和制造工艺.
  • 对特种化学品,制药品和材料科学来说,控制多态性至关重要,但预测和控制相变仍然具有挑战性.
  • 目前的研究往往侧重于同质核化,其中一个新的多态形态自发地从父阶段形成.

研究的目的:

  • 在融化结晶过程中直接观察和记录一个多态体的异质核形成.
  • 研究一种晶体形式诱导d-mannitol和d-sorbitol中不同多态体的核化和生长的现象.
  • 为控制多态性和理解同时发生的多态性形成提供见解.

主要方法:

  • 在d-mannitol和d-sorbitol上进行了融结晶实验.
  • 使用直接观察技术来监测核和生长过程.
  • 分析的重点是确定初始的核聚态和由此产生的主导多态.

主要成果:

  • 在融化结晶过程中获得了一个多态分子在现有多态分子上核化的直接证据.
  • 新核化的多态分子成功地生长,并成为最终产品中占主导地位的晶体形式.
  • 这表明一个异质的核化路径,其中一个现有的晶体结构模板形成一个新的.

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A Modified Yeast-one Hybrid System for Heteromeric Protein Complex-DNA Interaction Studies
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Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Core-Shell Metal-Organic Frameworks
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结论:

  • 异质核化,其中一个多态诱导另一个多态,是d-mannitol和d-sorbitol融化结晶的重要因素.
  • 这种现象为控制工业化工制造中的多态现象提供了一条实用途径.
  • 这些发现有助于对多态核和同时发生多态的发生有更深入的理论理解.