在遥远的过去免疫的人群中对天花疫苗的反应
Sharon E Frey1, Frances K Newman, Lihan Yan
1Department of Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Unit, MO, USA.
JAMA
|June 26, 2003
概括
以前接种过疫苗的人可以安全地用稀释的天花疫苗接种疫苗,显示较少的不良反应. 这项研究强调了使用减少疫苗剂量的潜力,用于非天真人群体.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 由于生物恐怖主义的威胁,人们对天花疫苗重新感兴趣.
- 需要重新接种之前接种疫苗的医疗保健工作者.
- 针对再接种疫苗的稀释疫苗病毒的评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估先前接种疫苗的人的稀释天花疫苗的疗效和安全性.
- 为了比较先前接种疫苗和天真参与者之间的免疫反应和不良反应.
主要方法:
- 八十名非天真的参与者 (32-60岁) 接受了未稀释或稀释 (1:3.2, 1:10, 1:32) 的天花疫苗.
- 十名未接种疫苗的参与者 (18-31岁) 接受了未经稀释的疫苗.
- 通过化方式进行疫苗接种;测量了主要反应,病毒分泌和抗体标位.
主要成果:
- 与初次接种疫苗的参与者相比,先前接种疫苗的参与者表现出较少的重大反应,较小的病变和较少的发烧.
- 在非素朴的参与者中观察到更高和更快的抗体反应.
- 病毒泄漏时间较短,高峰标位在非纯粹的个体中较低.
结论:
- 稀释的天花疫苗 (高达1点10分) 对于重新接种之前接种过疫苗的人有效.
- 在非天真参与者中减少的不良反应表明免疫记忆的作用.
- 这些发现支持在再接种策略中使用稀释疫苗.
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