囚禁掩盖了蝶对雄性交配成功的内生影响
Mathieu Joron1, Paul M Brakefield
1Institute of Biology, Leiden University, PO Box 9516, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. m.joron@ucl.ac.uk
Nature
|July 11, 2003
概括
亲生繁殖显著减少了蝶的交配成功,特别是在自然条件下. 这凸显了遗传多样性对保护工作和性选择研究的关键影响.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 保护遗传学 保护遗传学
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 小,孤立的种群往往表现出遗传多样性减少和同卵性增加,可能阻碍长期生存.
- 亲生生殖抑郁症,由于相关的交配而导致的健康状况下降,在囚禁和实验室环境中得到了充分证实,影响了生命史特征和生存.
- 虽然实地研究经常从遗传标记中推断出近亲繁殖的影响,但在自然环境中的实验调查很少.
研究的目的:
- 通过实验评估内生繁殖对蝶在受控和自然条件下的交配成功的影响.
- 为了比较实验室环境中观察到的亲生繁殖的影响与不受约束的环境中的影响.
- 了解近亲繁殖历史如何影响与人口保护和性选择相关的交配行为.
主要方法:
- 利用了一种新的技术,包括在蝶交配期间转移标记粉尘,以追踪交配的成功.
- 在受控的子环境中与允许不受约束的飞行条件相比,同系雄性蝶的交配成功.
- 在不同程度的实验约束下,量化了近亲繁殖对交配成功的差异性影响.
主要成果:
- 在被囚禁环境中的同系雄蝶的交配成功率略有下降,在不受约束的飞行条件下显著放大.
- 实验条件,比如在子里交配,掩盖了近亲繁殖对交配行为的负面影响的全部程度.
- 亲生繁殖对交配成功的行为组成部分产生了深刻的影响,特别是当个体没有人为约束时.
结论:
- 亲生繁殖对在自然,不受约束的环境中成功交配的负面影响比以前的实验室研究更为严重.
- 保护策略必须考虑到近亲繁殖抑郁对野生种群繁殖成功的放大影响.
- 这些发现强调了考虑内生繁殖对行为影响的重要性,无论是性选择的进化研究还是实际的保护管理.
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