相关实验视频
Updated: May 11, 2026

09:42
Using SecM Arrest Sequence as a Tool to Isolate Ribosome Bound Polypeptides
Published on: June 19, 2012
锁定和解锁核糖体运动
Mikel Valle1, Andrey Zavialov, Jayati Sengupta
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Health Research Incororated at the Wadswoth Center, State University of New York, Albany, 12201, USA.
Cell
|July 16, 2003
概括
与核糖体结合的延长因子G (EF-G) 导致旋转,移动L1茎以转移脱糖的tRNA. 这种运动被充电的tRNAs阻止,突出显示了蛋白质合成中的关键步骤.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 核糖体转位是蛋白质合成中的一个基本过程.
- 延长因子G (EF-G) 在调节这种运动方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 了解转位过程中的核糖体结构动态是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明在EF-G介导转位过程中核糖体的结构重组.
- 为了研究L1茎在tRNA运动中的作用.
- 为了确定tRNA乙化状态对核糖体动态的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 可视化了核糖体复合体.
- 在与EF-G结合的转移前核糖体上进行了高分辨率的结构分析.
主要成果:
- 结合EF-G诱导了30S和50S核糖体子单元之间类似于杆的旋转.
- 这种旋转与50S子单元的L1茎的显著移动相结合.
- 促进tRNA转位的核糖体运动只有在P位点tRNA被脱糖时才会发生.
结论:
- L1茎与脱糖tRNA从P部位转移到E部位有关.
- 充电的P位点tRNA充当车,防止转位所需的核糖体形状变化.
- 这些发现为核糖体转移及其调节的机制提供了关键的见解.
相关概念视频
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Termination of Translation
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...

