"柳叶刀"的统计审查过程:作者需要改进的领域
S M Gore1, G Jones, S G Thompson
1MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 11, 1992
概括
对提交的论文的统计审查揭示了方法和推理方面的重大问题. 许多研究需要进行大量的修订,或者由于统计数据不足而被拒绝,这凸显了需要改进科学报告的必要性.
科学领域:
- 医学研究方法论医学研究方法论.
- 在出版物中的统计分析.
背景情况:
- "柳叶刀"杂志实施了对手稿的统计审查.
- 这次审查旨在确定提交的论文中常见的统计和方法缺陷.
研究的目的:
- 总结统计评论员对提交的手稿的批评.
- 评估医学出版物中统计方法,报告和推断的质量.
主要方法:
- 对1990年11月至1991年6月期间提交给"柳叶刀"的191篇论文的统计审查反的分析.
- 根据审稿人的建议对论文进行分类 (可接受,需要修订,拒绝).
主要成果:
- 只有54%的论文是可接受的或经过修订后可接受的;14%的论文被推拒绝.
- 方法和结果描述在50%的论文中是不充分的;摘要和结论在25%的论文中是不充分的.
- 与分析或设计缺陷相关的重大推断错误发生在48篇论文中.
结论:
- 提交的医疗论文中有很大一部分存在统计和方法方面的缺陷.
- 作者需要改进基于研究设计和统计分析的结论的理由.
- 统计审查对于确保已发表的研究的有效性和可靠性至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:43Proofreading
Synthesis of new DNA molecules starts when DNA polymerase links nucleotides together in a sequence that is complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity for the correct base to ensure fidelity in DNA replication. The DNA polymerase furthermore proofreads during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.Errors during Replication Are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase EnzymeGenomic DNA is synthesized in...
01:31Proofreading
Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore, it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme
01:11Statistical Analysis: Overview
When we take repeated measurements on the same or replicated samples, we will observe inconsistencies in the magnitude. These inconsistencies are called errors. To categorize and characterize these results and their errors, the researcher can use statistical analysis to determine the quality of the measurements and/or suitability of the methods.
One of the most commonly used statistical quantifiers is the mean, which is the ratio between the sum of the numerical values of all results and the...
One of the most commonly used statistical quantifiers is the mean, which is the ratio between the sum of the numerical values of all results and the...
01:23Lumber Defects
Lumber defects, which can affect both the appearance and structural integrity of wood, include a variety of growth and manufacturing flaws. Growth defects such as knots and knotholes occur where branches were once attached to the tree trunk, with knotholes forming when these knots fall out. Other natural defects include decay and insect damage, which compromise the wood's strength and durability.
Shakes are minor fractures that run along or across the wood's annual rings, while wane is...
Shakes are minor fractures that run along or across the wood's annual rings, while wane is...