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精神分裂症和城市生活
G Lewis1, A David, S Andréasson
1Section of Epidemiology and General Practice, Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 18, 1992
概括
在城市长大,精神分裂症的风险增加了1.65倍,挑战了"地理漂移"理论. 城市环境中的环境因素可能导致精神分裂症发病率更高.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 与农村环境相比,城市地区的精神分裂症患病率和住院率更高.
- "地理漂移"假设表明,精神分裂症患者因疾病而搬到城市,但这在很大程度上仍未得到验证.
研究的目的:
- 调查个人成长地点与精神分裂症发病率之间的关联.
- 为了确定城市成长是否独立增加精神分裂症风险,独立于其他已知的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 利用来自49191名瑞典男性征兵的大量队列的数据.
- 将征兵数据与瑞典国家精神病护理登记册联系起来,以跟踪精神分裂症诊断.
- 使用统计分析来评估基于成长地点 (城市与农村) 的精神分裂症发病率.
主要成果:
- 在城市环境中长大的男性,精神分裂症的发病率比在农村地区长大的男性高1.65倍 (95% CI 1.19-2.28).
- 即使在调整了潜在的混因素 (如大麻使用,父母离婚和家庭精神病史) 之后,这种关联仍然很重要.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,城市环境中普遍存在的环境因素,而不是自我选择 (地理偏移),有助于增加精神分裂症的风险.
- 城市中不确定的环境暴露被认为是发展精神分裂症的重要风险因素.
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