在T细胞抗原受体基因α和β中的突变在不同阶段阻断了胸细胞的发育
P Mombaerts1, A R Clarke, M A Rudnicki
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Nature
|November 19, 1992
概括
T细胞受体 (TCR) β基因重组对于CD4+CD8+胸细胞的发育和扩张至关重要. 玛三角T细胞发育不需要TCR-alpha和TCR-beta,这表明不同的发育途径.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 分子遗传学 分子遗传学
背景情况:
- 胸腺T细胞的发育是一个复杂的过程,涉及特定的基因重组和细胞表面标记物表达.
- T细胞受体 (TCR) 对于T细胞的识别和功能至关重要,具有明显的α和β链.
- 了解TCR链在小细胞分化中的作用是理解适应性免疫的关键.
研究的目的:
- 研究T细胞受体 (TCR) α和β基因在胸细胞分化和发育中的特定作用.
- 确定TCR-β基因重新排列和表达对于早期胸细胞发育的必要性.
- 阐明TCR基因对特异性T细胞系的发展的影响,包括玛三角T细胞.
主要方法:
- 对具有T细胞抗原受体 (TCR) 基因突变的转基因小鼠的分析.
- 流细胞计分析基于CD4和CD8表达的胸细胞群.
- 在胸细胞发育过程中评估TCR基因重组和表达模式.
主要成果:
- TCR-β基因的重新排列或表达对CD4-CD8-胸细胞与CD4+CD8+胸细胞的分化至关重要.
- 此外,TCR-β对于CD4+CD8+胸细胞池的扩张也至关重要.
- 这些特定的发育过程不需要TCR-alpha.
- 玛三角T细胞的发育独立于TCR-α和TCR-β.
结论:
- 在CD4+CD8+胸细胞的发育和扩张中,TCR-β起着关键作用.
- 对于所研究的发育阶段,TCR-alpha是不可或缺的.
- 马三角形T细胞的发育遵循一个独特的途径,独立于正规的TCR-α/β基因使用.
相关概念视频
RNA Splicing
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Tumor Progression
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
General Transcription Factors
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
Forced Transdifferentiation
Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial transdifferentiation occurs...
Artificial transdifferentiation occurs...


