相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 16, 2026

13:07
One-channel Cell-attached Patch-clamp Recording
Published on: June 9, 2014
关于NMDA受体通道的分子多样性
T Kutsuwada1, N Kashiwabuchi, H Mori
1Department of Neuropharmacology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Japan.
Nature
|July 2, 1992
概括
研究人员发现了两种新的小鼠NMDA受体通道子单元,即epsilon 2和epsilon 3. 这些新型子单元创造了具有独特功能和大脑分布的NMDA受体通道,解释了受体多样性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- NMDA受体是中枢神经系统中至关重要的离子通道.
- 了解NMDA受体子单元的组成是解读它们多样化的功能的关键.
- 以前的研究已经确定了epsilon 1和zeta 1的子单位,但其他仍然难以捉摸.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和描述小鼠NMDA受体通道的新型子单元.
- 研究新发现的NMDA受体子单元的功能性质和表达模式.
- 阐明NMDA受体功能异质性的分子基础.
主要方法:
- 克隆和表达新的子单元的互补DNA (cDNA).
- 异构NMDA受体通道的功能性特征 (例如,epsilon 1/zeta 1,epsilon 2/zeta 1,epsilon 3/zeta 1) 的功能性特征.
- 对激动剂亲和度,对抗剂敏感度和Mg2+阻断的分析.
- 使徒RNA (mRNA) 在小鼠大脑中的分布研究,使用诸如in situ杂交等技术.
- 谢诺普斯卵细胞表达系统研究通过12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-乙酸盐 (TPA) 的道激活.
主要成果:
- 鉴定和克隆两个新的NMDA受体子单元:epsilon 2和epsilon 3.
- 由epsilon 1/zeta1,epsilon 2/zeta1和epsilon 3/zeta1形成的异构管道具有不同的药理特性和离子通道特征.
- 不同的mRNA表达模式:epsilon 2 mRNA是前脑特异性的,而epsilon 3 mRNA主要在小脑中发现.
- 埃普西隆1/zeta1和埃普西隆2/zeta1通道被TPA激活,但埃普西隆3/zeta1通道没有.
- 功能差异与新型子单元的独特的组织特异表达相关.
结论:
- 子子单元家族表现出显著的分子多样性,有助于NMDA受体通道的功能异质性.
- 埃普西隆2和埃普西隆3子单元的独特表达模式表明不同大脑区域的特殊作用.
- 新的NMDA受体子单元在调节受体功能和分布方面发挥着关键作用,影响神经元信号传输.
相关概念视频
Ion Channels
The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow specific...
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow specific...
Non-gated Ion Channels
Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels
Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels
In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an α-helix or β-strand structure. α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins are ubiquitous, whereas β-strand containing ones are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as G-protein-linked receptors (GPCRs) and...
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as G-protein-linked receptors (GPCRs) and...
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...

