Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Bioavailability: Overview01:13

Bioavailability: Overview

Bioavailability refers to the proportion of an unaltered drug that, after administration, enters the systemic circulation and can be distributed to the desired action site. Factors such as gastrointestinal (GI) absorption and liver biotransformation influence the bioavailability of a drug when it is administered orally. When a drug is administered intravenously, it enters the systemic circulation directly; by definition, its bioavailability is assumed to be 100%. The bioavailability of an...
Therapeutic Index01:13

Therapeutic Index

The therapeutic index of a drug is a key parameter in pharmacology that quantifies the relative safety of a drug by calculating the ratio between the dose that causes toxicity in half the population (50%) to the dose that proves to be effective for half the population (50%). It provides a spectrum of doses for a particular drug ranging from effective to potentially toxic. To illustrate, consider an anticoagulant agent like warfarin. It possesses a narrow window within its therapeutic index to...
Factors Affecting Drug Biotransformation: Biological01:19

Factors Affecting Drug Biotransformation: Biological

Biological factors significantly impact drug metabolism, influencing drug clearance, efficacy, and potential toxicity.
Species differences: Variations in enzyme systems across species can cause disparities in drug metabolism. For instance, humans may metabolize certain drugs faster than rodents, altering therapeutic effects.
Strain differences: Genetic variations within a species can result in differing enzyme activity, impacting drug response and toxicity. For example, some mouse strains may...
Bioavailability: Overview01:17

Bioavailability: Overview

Bioavailability refers to the proportion of an administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation in its active, unaltered form. It is a crucial pharmacokinetic parameter that determines the effectiveness of a drug in achieving its intended therapeutic outcomes. The route of administration significantly influences bioavailability, with intravenous administration achieving 100% bioavailability as the drug directly enters the bloodstream. In contrast, oral administration often results in...
Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity01:25

Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity

Bioactivation is a metabolic process that transforms less reactive substances into highly reactive metabolites, initiating tissue toxicity. This transformation can lead to various toxic effects, including carcinogenesis and teratogenesis. Reactive metabolites are classified into two main types: electrophiles and free radicals.Electrophiles are electron-deficient species and are produced primarily by the enzyme cytochrome P-450 during the metabolism of compounds containing carbon, nitrogen, or...

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Food-related sensory activities for children in educational settings: a scoping review.

Appetite·2025
Same author

About the breathing of animal tissues.

Helvetica physiologica et pharmacologica acta·2010
Same author

Stray-light suppression in a reflecting white-light coronagraph.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

The activation of d-amino acid oxidase by blood protein bodies.

Helvetica physiologica et pharmacologica acta·2010
Same author

About the formation of alanine by liver tissue.

Helvetica physiologica et pharmacologica acta·2010
Same author

The activation of d-amino acid oxidase by blood protein bodies.

Helvetica physiologica et pharmacologica acta·2010
Same journal

A native sulfur deposit in Gale crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Coordinated demise of harmful algal blooms.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Genetic effects put into context.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Bacteria share proteins to survive antibiotics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Impacts shaped Earth's first continents.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Erratum for the Report "Covalently bonded single-molecule junctions with stable and reversible photoswitched conductivity" by C. Jia <i>et al</i>.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
查看所有相关文章

相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Real-time Analyses of Retinol Transport by the Membrane Receptor of Plasma Retinol Binding Protein
14:32

Real-time Analyses of Retinol Transport by the Membrane Receptor of Plasma Retinol Binding Protein

Published on: January 28, 2013

1-alpha-Tocopherylacetate:具有生物活性

H WEISER, G BRUBACHER, O WISS

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |April 5, 1963
    PubMed
    概括
    此摘要是机器生成的。

    dl-alpha-tocopheryl乙烯酸具有d-alpha-tocopheryl乙烯酸42%的生物活性,证实了已知的强度比率. 来自植物醇和异植物醇的dl-alpha-tocopheryl乙酸制剂在血液溶解试验中表现出同等的有效性.

    关键词:
    维生素E 维生素E 维生素

    更多相关视频

    Cationic Nanoemulsion-Encapsulated Retinoic Acid as an Adjuvant to Promote OVA&#45;Specific Systemic and Mucosal Responses
    06:02

    Cationic Nanoemulsion-Encapsulated Retinoic Acid as an Adjuvant to Promote OVA-Specific Systemic and Mucosal Responses

    Published on: February 23, 2024

    Quantitative Analysis of Dietary Vitamin A Metabolites in Murine Ocular and Non-Ocular Tissues Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
    05:03

    Quantitative Analysis of Dietary Vitamin A Metabolites in Murine Ocular and Non-Ocular Tissues Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

    Published on: December 27, 2024

    相关实验视频

    Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

    Real-time Analyses of Retinol Transport by the Membrane Receptor of Plasma Retinol Binding Protein
    14:32

    Real-time Analyses of Retinol Transport by the Membrane Receptor of Plasma Retinol Binding Protein

    Published on: January 28, 2013

    Cationic Nanoemulsion-Encapsulated Retinoic Acid as an Adjuvant to Promote OVA&#45;Specific Systemic and Mucosal Responses
    06:02

    Cationic Nanoemulsion-Encapsulated Retinoic Acid as an Adjuvant to Promote OVA-Specific Systemic and Mucosal Responses

    Published on: February 23, 2024

    Quantitative Analysis of Dietary Vitamin A Metabolites in Murine Ocular and Non-Ocular Tissues Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
    05:03

    Quantitative Analysis of Dietary Vitamin A Metabolites in Murine Ocular and Non-Ocular Tissues Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

    Published on: December 27, 2024

    科学领域:

    • 生物化学 生物化学
    • 营养科学 营养科学
    • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.

    背景情况:

    • 维生素E的异构体,特别是多科菲尔酸盐,具有不同的生物活性.
    • 了解不同维生素E形式的相对功效对于营养和治疗应用至关重要.
    • 鼠类血液溶解试验是评估维生素E活性的标准试验.

    研究的目的:

    • 为了量化l-alpha-Tocopheryl乙酸相对于d-alpha-tocopheryl乙酸的生物活性.
    • 为了确定这些维生素E形式之间的精确强度比.
    • 为了比较来自不同前体的dl-alpha-tocopheryl乙的疗效.

    主要方法:

    • 使用大鼠血解试验来评估多科菲利乙酸异构体的生物活性.
    • 对比不同维生素E制剂诱导的血液溶解的保护作用.
    • 对标准的d-alpha-tocopheryl酸盐进行量化对l-alpha-tocopheryl酸盐的活性.

    主要成果:

    • 在老鼠血液溶解试验中,l-alpha-Tocopheryl乙酸显示了d-alpha-tocopheryl乙酸42%的活性.
    • 对于d-alpha-tocopheryl乙烯酸与dl-alpha-tocopheryl乙烯酸的功效比为1.4:1.0被确定.
    • 从植物醇和异植物醇合成的dl-alpha-Tocopheryl酸盐表现出相当的活性.

    结论:

    • 确定的强度比证实了这些维生素E形式目前公认的生物比.
    • 在本试验中,dl-alpha-tocopheryl乙酸盐 (植物醇或异植物醇) 的来源不会影响其生物活性.
    • 这些发现支持对维生素E营养价值和治疗潜力的准确评估.