纳米RNA的定位控制着胚胎的极性
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02142.
Cell
|October 16, 1992
概括
母性RNA局部化建立了胚胎身体轴. 研究人员发现,纳米3'未翻译区域指导RNA定位,影响腹部形成和基因活性.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 胚胎前后极性是由Drosophila oogenesis期间局部化的母性RNA建立的.
- 前极的双体 (bcd) RNA 指导头部和胸部的发育.
- 在后极的纳米 (nos) RNA对于腹部形成至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究纳米3'未翻译区域 (UTR) 在RNA局部化中的作用.
- 确定纳米RNA局部化是否调节纳米蛋白活性和胚胎模式.
主要方法:
- 利用双形RNA局部化信号在胚胎内错位纳米RNA.
- 分析由此产生的胚胎结构和纳米基因活动.
主要成果:
- 纳米3' UTR足以指导RNA局部化,类似于双RNA.
- 纳米RNA错位到前极导致胚胎有两个腹部展现镜像对称性.
- 前纳米RNA局部化导致较高的纳米基因活动与后部局部化相比.
结论:
- RNA局部化在调节Drosophila胚胎发生过程中纳米活动中起着至关重要的作用.
- 纳米RNA的3' UTR包含了必要的信号,以使其适当地定位和随后的功能.
- 差分RNA局部化是建立复杂身体模式的关键机制.
相关概念视频
02:22Regulated mRNA Transport
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
02:57piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...