在波兰,环境污染对人类造成的分子和遗传损害
F P Perera1, K Hemminki, E Gryzbowska
1Division of Environmental Sciences, Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, New York 10032.
Nature
|November 19, 1992
概括
波兰高度污染的西里西亚的居民显示基因损伤增加,包括多环芳香-DNA添加物和染色体突变. 这种分子损伤将环境污染与更高的癌症和生殖风险联系在一起.
科学领域:
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 像波兰西莱西亚这样的工业化地区面临严重的空气污染,主要来自燃煤,释放致癌的多环芳 (PAH).
- 高水平的PAH暴露与增加癌症风险和不良生殖结果有关.
- 分子流行病学利用生物标记来早期检测疾病风险,以便及时干预.
研究的目的:
- 评估高污染地区 (西里西亚) 居民的分子和遗传损害,与波兰污染较小的农村地区相比.
- 识别特定的生物标记,表明暴露于环境污染物.
- 建立环境污染暴露和与疾病风险相关的遗传变化之间的分子联系.
主要方法:
- 从西莱西亚和对照农村地区的居民那里收集了外周血液样本.
- 分析了一组生物标记物以检测分子和遗传损伤.
- 测量了致癌基因-DNA添加物 (PAH-DNA,芳香添加物),姐妹染色体交换 (SCE),高频细胞 (HFC),染色体异常 (CA) 和ras基因过度表达的水平.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,西里西亚居民的PAH-DNA添加物,芳香添加物,SCE,HFC和CA水平显著增加.
- 在暴露的人群中观察到ras瘤基因过度表达的频率翻了一番.
- 在芳香DNA附带和染色体突变之间发现了显著的正相关性.
结论:
- 西里西亚的环境污染与居民的显著分子和遗传损害有关.
- 已识别的生物标志物,包括DNA添加物和染色体异常,作为暴露和风险的指标.
- 芳香添加物和染色体突变之间的相关性提供了环境污染物和与癌症和生殖健康相关的遗传变化之间的分子联系.
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