AIP1/ALIX是HIV-1 p6和EIAV p9在病毒芽中发挥作用的结合伙伴
Bettina Strack1, Arianna Calistri, Stewart Craig
1Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|September 25, 2003
概括
研究人员在HIV Gag p6中发现了第二个关键区域,该区域与AIP1结合,将病毒芽机械与ESCRT-III复合体联系起来. 这一发现增强了我们对逆转录病毒释放机制的理解.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 像HIV-1这样的逆转录病毒通过膜裂变从宿主细胞中芽.
- 病毒的芽依赖于特定的蛋白质域,例如HIV-1 Gag p6.6中的晚期组装 (L) 域.
- L 域招募宿主因子,包括 Tsg101,它是真空蛋白质分类 (VPS) 机器的一部分.
研究的目的:
- 调查病毒芽的完整机制,并确定涉及的新型组件.
- 描述HIV-1 Gag p6中第二个L域区域的功能.
- 为了阐明HIV-1 Gag p6与宿主细胞机械的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 生物化学试验用于研究蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用.
- 在受感染细胞中分析病毒芽过程.
- 酵母和其他病毒中蛋白质同类的识别和表征.
主要成果:
- 艾滋病毒Gag p6具有第二个L域区域,它与酵母Bro1.1的同类物AIP1结合.
- AIP1与TSG101以及ESCRT-III综合体的组件进行交互.
- 在EIAV p9中AIP1与L域结合的L域函数与L域函数相关.
结论:
- AIP1被确定为病毒芽机制的关键组成部分.
- AIP1将HIV-1 p6和EIAV p9中的L域的一个区别区域连接到ESCRT-III复合体.
- 这项研究揭示了一种比以前理解的复杂的逆转录病毒释放机制.
相关概念视频
Leaky Scanning
5.9K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.9K
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
7.9K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.9K
Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies
5.3K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
5.3K
Phosphoinositides and PIPs
11.3K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
11.3K
Coat Assembly and GTPases
4.8K
Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
4.8K
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis
37
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
37


