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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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通过瓜核酸交换因子loner及其效应器ARF6控制肌细胞融合.

Elizabeth H Chen1, Brian A Pryce, Jarvis A Tzeng

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.

Cell
|September 25, 2003
PubMed
概括

研究人员发现了一种新基因 - - 孤独基因 (loner),该基因对神经细胞融合在骨肌肉发育中至关重要. 隆纳与ARF6 (一种小GTPase) 合作,调节肌肉形成和再生所必需的细胞膜动态.

科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 发育生物学 发展生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 肌细胞融合对于骨肌肉的形成和再生至关重要.
  • 了解调节肌细胞融合的分子机制对于肌肉发育研究至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了识别Drosophila中的肌细胞融合的新型调节者.
  • 为了阐明涉及新发现的基因,孤独者,在肌肉细胞融合中的分子途径.

主要方法:

  • 在Drosophila中进行基因查,以确定参与肌肉发育的基因.
  • 孤独蛋白的亚细胞局部化研究.
  • 在Drosophila胚胎和哺乳动物肌细胞中使用主导负ARF6的功能测试.

主要成果:

  • 一个编码关氨酸核酸交换因子的基因,loner,被发现,对髓细胞融合至关重要.
  • 孤独分子作用于细胞表面受体的下游,招募和激活小GTPase ARF6.6.
  • 干扰ARF6功能表拷贝孤独的功能丧失,损害了Drosophila和哺乳动物细胞中的肌细胞融合.
  • 隆纳和ARF6还调节小GTPase Rac.的膜局部化.

结论:

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  • 隆纳和ARF6是保存细胞机械的关键组成部分,对于肌细胞融合和骨肌肉发育至关重要.
  • 这种涉及Loner和ARF6的融合机制与肌肉细胞中的融合受体相结合,并且可以通过其他细胞类型的不同信号来调节.