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相关概念视频

Drug Clearance: Overview01:06

Drug Clearance: Overview

394
Drug elimination refers to drug removal from the body, either through urine or bile, by the kidneys or liver, respectively. A pharmacokinetic parameter, drug clearance, measures the efficiency of drug removal from the bloodstream within a specific time frame. It is calculated as the rate at which a drug is eliminated from plasma divided by the drug's concentration in plasma.
Drug clearance is not limited to renal excretion but encompasses all organs involved in drug elimination, including...
394
Hepatic Drug Clearance: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clearance01:09

Hepatic Drug Clearance: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clearance

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Hepatic clearance refers to the volume of blood cleared of a drug by the liver per unit of time. It plays a crucial role in drug metabolism and elimination. While hepatic clearance is commonly estimated by subtracting renal clearance from total body clearance, other pathways, such as pulmonary or biliary clearance, may also contribute. However, these pathways are generally less significant than hepatic and renal clearance.
Most drugs undergo restrictive clearance, which is proportional to the...
493
Renal Drug Clearance: Overview01:06

Renal Drug Clearance: Overview

693
Renal clearance is a crucial parameter in pharmacokinetics that quantifies the rate at which the kidneys excrete a drug. It represents a constant fraction of the central volume of distribution containing the drug that the kidney eliminates per unit of time.
Renal clearance can be calculated using different methods. One approach is to divide the urinary drug excretion rate by the plasma drug concentration. This method directly measures renal clearance, indicating the kidneys' efficiency in...
693
Drug Elimination: The Concept of Clearance01:06

Drug Elimination: The Concept of Clearance

3.9K
Drug elimination refers to removing drugs from the body, either through urine by the kidneys or through bile by the liver. Drug clearance is a pharmacokinetic parameter that measures the efficiency of drug removal from the bloodstream within a specific time frame. It is calculated as the rate at which a drug is eliminated from plasma divided by the plasma concentration of the drug.
Drug clearance is not limited to renal excretion but encompasses all organs involved in drug elimination,...
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Hepatic Drug Clearance: Role of Transporters01:14

Hepatic Drug Clearance: Role of Transporters

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In the liver and bile canaliculi, influx and efflux transporters modification can influence intrinsic clearance. Transporters play a significant role in moving drugs within liver cells. Elaborate models, such as the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), are essential to relate transporters to drug disposition. This system categorizes drugs into four classes based on solubility and permeability, providing insights into elimination routes and the effects of transporters following oral...
304
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Drug Distribution and Drug Interactions01:09

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Drug Distribution and Drug Interactions

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Renal clearance plays a pivotal role in drug elimination from the body and can be influenced by drug distribution and interactions. Understanding these factors is crucial in pharmacology as they impact the effectiveness and duration of drug therapy.
One important factor is the relationship between renal clearance and the apparent volume of distribution. Renal clearance tends to be inversely proportional to the apparent volume of distribution. Drugs with an extensive distribution volume or those...
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相关实验视频

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A Simple Protocol for Platelet-mediated Clumping of Plasmodium falciparum-infected Erythrocytes in a Resource Poor Setting
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艾滋病毒-1抗逆转录病毒药物对Plasmodium falciparum寄生性红细胞的细胞粘附和细胞清除的影响.

Salima Nathoo1, Lena Serghides, Kevin C Kain

  • 1Tropical Disease Unit, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital and the University of Toronto, ON, Canada.

Lancet (London, England)
|October 3, 2003
PubMed
概括

用于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的抗逆转录病毒药物可能会影响疟疾的结果. 蛋白酶抑制剂特别降低了巨细胞清除Plasmodium falciparum感染的红细胞的能力,影响了同时感染的患者.

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A Simple Protocol for Platelet-mediated Clumping of Plasmodium falciparum-infected Erythrocytes in a Resource Poor Setting
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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
  • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

  • 撒哈拉以南非洲地区面临着高频率的HIV-1和疟疾联合感染.
  • 抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 对于治疗艾滋病毒/艾滋病至关重要,但其对疟疾共感染的影响尚不清楚.
  • ART可以降低CD36表达,可能会影响Plasmodium falciparum和宿主细胞之间的相互作用.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究抗逆转录病毒药物在体外对Plasmodium falciparum寄生性红细胞的CD36介导的细胞粘附和细胞的作用.
  • 确定特定类别的抗逆转录病毒药物是否对这些过程产生不同影响.

主要方法:

  • 实验室试验用于评估Plasmodium falciparum感染红细胞的CD36介导的细胞粘附性.
  • 评估了人类巨细胞感染红细胞的非异声细胞形成.
  • 研究了各种抗逆转录病毒药物类别的影响.

主要成果:

  • 抗逆转录病毒药物,特别是蛋白酶抑制剂,显著降低了受感染红细胞的CD36介导细胞粘附性.
  • 这些药物还减少了巨细胞感染的红细胞的非声性细胞分裂.
  • 这些发现表明ART可能改变疟疾疾病进展的潜在机制.

结论:

  • 基于蛋白酶抑制剂的ART可能会对HIV-1/疟疾共感染个体的疟疾寄生虫清除产生负面影响.
  • 这种宿主-寄生虫相互作用的损害可能导致疟疾疾病结果发生变化.
  • 需要进行进一步的临床研究,以了解共感染患者的现实影响.