鉴定了一种涉及激素信号传递的植物氧化合成酶基因
Fang-Qing Guo1, Mamoru Okamoto, Nigel M Crawford
1Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 4, 2003
概括
研究人员发现了一种新的植物氧化合成酶 (AtNOS1),对生长和激素信号传递至关重要. 这种酶调节氧化 (NO) 的产生,影响植物的发育和反应.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 分子遗传学 分子遗传学
背景情况:
- 氧化 (NO) 是植物中一个重要的信号分子.
- 一种特定的Arabidopsis突变,Atnos1,在NO生产,器官生长和口腔调节方面表现出缺陷.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和描述在植物中负责NO生产的酶.
- 阐明这种酶在植物生长和荷尔蒙信号传递中的作用.
主要方法:
- 亚特诺斯1突变体的遗传分析.
- 使用病毒促进体进行基因表达研究.
- 纯化的AtNOS1蛋白的生物化学特征.
- 用特定的基质和激活剂进行酶活性测定.
主要成果:
- 突变体中AtNOS1的过度表达恢复了NO的产生.
- 纯化的AtNOS1利用氨酸和NADPH,并由Ca2+/calmodulin激活.
- 在生物化学上,AtNOS1与哺乳动物的氧化合成酶不同.
结论:
- AtNOS1编码了一种新的植物氧化合成酶.
- 这种酶在调节植物生长和酸信号传递方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
相关概念视频
02:35Key Elements for Plant Nutrition
Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the atmosphere, the...
01:56Plant Hormones
Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.
01:25Cell Signaling in Plants
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
01:56Plant Hormones
Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.
01:28Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway
Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...