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哺乳动物保存的非基因序列 (CNG) 的进化歧视
Emmanouil T Dermitzakis1, Alexandre Reymond, Nathalie Scamuffa
1Division of Medical Genetics and National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) Frontiers in Genetics, University of Geneva Medical School and University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Emmanouil.Dermitzakis@medecine.unige.ch
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 4, 2003
概括
保存的非基因序列 (CNGs) 显示出比哺乳动物中的基因更深的进化保护. 一个以前未知的高度受约束的CNG类构成了哺乳动物基因组的一个小但重要的部分.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 人类和小鼠的基因组包含许多保存的非基因序列 (CNG).
- 这些CNG的进化意义和保护深度尚未得到充分理解.
- 了解CNG对于全面了解基因组进化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在14种哺乳动物物种中量化来自人类染色体21的191种CNG的保护水平和模式.
- 为了比较CNG的保存与蛋白质编码基因和非编码RNA (ncRNAs).
- 确定高度受约束的基因组元素的潜在新型类别.
主要方法:
- 对来自人类染色体21的191个CNG进行比较基因组学分析.
- 对14种哺乳动物物种进行序列对齐和替代模式分析,包括灵长类动物,有袋动物和单体动物.
- 在CNGs,蛋白质编码基因和ncRNAs之间保存水平的统计比较.
主要成果:
- 在哺乳动物类中,CNGs比蛋白质编码基因和ncRNAs都保存得更为明显.
- CNG中的替代模式与基因不同,类似于蛋白质结合区域的替代模式.
- 在哺乳动物中共享的一种以前未知的极度受限制的CNG类别,包括0.3%至1%的人类基因组.
结论:
- 碳天然气是哺乳动物基因组中一个重要的和深度保存的组成部分.
- 这些发现表明CNG可能起到关键的功能作用,可能涉及蛋白质相互作用.
- 极度受约束的CNG的发现为了解基因组功能和进化开辟了新的途径.
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