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相关概念视频

Protein Organization01:13

Protein Organization

Overview
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Protein and Protein Structure02:15

Protein and Protein Structure

Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Insulin Secretory Vesicles01:05

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.

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Ribosome hibernation in zinc-starved <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> confers amikacin tolerance.

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland
11:13

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland

Published on: December 1, 2015

哺乳动物线粒体核糖体的结构揭示了其组成蛋白质的扩大功能作用.

Manjuli R Sharma1, Emine C Koc, Partha P Datta

  • 1Division of Molecular Medicine, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201, USA.

Cell
|October 9, 2003
PubMed
概括

线粒体核糖体对于ATP产生至关重要,与它们的原生细胞对应物有很大的不同. 我们的冷EM地图揭示了哺乳动物线粒体核糖体中独特的蛋白质结构和新的机制.

更多相关视频

Characterization of Glycoproteins with the Immunoglobulin Fold by X-Ray Crystallography and Biophysical Techniques
08:58

Characterization of Glycoproteins with the Immunoglobulin Fold by X-Ray Crystallography and Biophysical Techniques

Published on: July 5, 2018

Generating a Fractal Microstructure of Laminin-111 to Signal to Cells
06:56

Generating a Fractal Microstructure of Laminin-111 to Signal to Cells

Published on: September 28, 2020

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland
11:13

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland

Published on: December 1, 2015

Characterization of Glycoproteins with the Immunoglobulin Fold by X-Ray Crystallography and Biophysical Techniques
08:58

Characterization of Glycoproteins with the Immunoglobulin Fold by X-Ray Crystallography and Biophysical Techniques

Published on: July 5, 2018

Generating a Fractal Microstructure of Laminin-111 to Signal to Cells
06:56

Generating a Fractal Microstructure of Laminin-111 to Signal to Cells

Published on: September 28, 2020

科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 线粒体核糖体合成蛋白质,这些蛋白质对于真核细胞的ATP生成至关重要.
  • 它们的蛋白质:RNA比率与原生细胞核糖体相比是倒置的,这表明了补偿机制.
  • 以前的假设提出更大的蛋白质或缩短的rRNA解释了这些差异.

研究的目的:

  • 为了阐明哺乳动物线粒体55S核糖体的三维结构.
  • 调查线粒体核糖体独特特征的结构基础.
  • 了解这些结构差异的功能影响.

主要方法:

  • 三维冷电子显微镜 (冷电子显微镜).
  • 哺乳动物线粒体55S核糖体结构的重建.
  • 核糖体组件及其空间组织的分析.

主要成果:

  • 揭示了线粒体核糖体内许多蛋白质的新位置.
  • 鉴定出富含蛋白质的子单元间桥梁,与细胞质核糖体中的桥梁不同.
  • 在mRNA入口处发现了一个类似门的结构和一个独特的聚类出口道.

结论:

  • 线粒体核糖体结构与原核细胞和细胞质核糖体不同.
  • 独特的结构特征表明mRNA招募和新生的多处理的专门机制.
  • 这为线粒体蛋白质合成和功能提供了新的见解.