在一个简单的脊椎动物捕食者-猎物社区的周期动态
Olivier Gilg1, Ilkka Hanski, Benoît Sittler
1Department of Ecology and Systematics, Division of Population Biology, Post Office Box 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. olivier.gilg@libertysurf.fr
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 1, 2003
概括
捕食者与猎物的相互作用推动了格陵兰岛的领人口周期. 一个模型显示,的反应延迟了一年,狐,猫头和的掠夺稳定了 lemming 的动态.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 人口动态 人口动态
- 北极生物学 北极生物学
背景情况:
- 领是高北极原的一个关键猎物物种.
- 四种捕食者物种表现出不同的消费率和密度依赖.
- 的种群动态受到捕食者与猎物的相互作用的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了模拟领的种群动态.
- 了解不同捕食者在 lemming 种群周期中的作用.
- 用长期的经验数据验证模型预测.
主要方法:
- 开发一个捕食者-猎物模型.
- 从现场数据中估计掠食者的数值和功能反应.
- 模型预测与长期 lemming 种群数据的比较.
主要成果:
- 该模型稳定地预测了 lemming 种群动态中的 4 年周期性.
- 的数值反应延迟1年是周期的关键驱动因素.
- 北极狐,雪和长尾鱼的捕食通过密度依赖来稳定动态.
结论:
- 捕食者与猎物的互动,而不是资源的限制,驱动了 lemming 循环.
- 模型准确地反映了观察到的 lemming 种群周期性.
- 了解捕食者-猎物动态对于北极生态系统管理至关重要.
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