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美国对癌症查的热情
Lisa M Schwartz1, Steven Woloshin, Floyd J Fowler
1VA Outcomes Group, White River Junction, Vt, University of Massachusetts, Boston, USA.
JAMA
|January 8, 2004
概括
公众强烈支持癌症查,相信早期发现可以挽救生命. 尽管有潜在的假阳性,这种热情仍然存在,这表明人们对癌症信息的渴望很高.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医学社会学 医学社会学
- 卫生沟通健康沟通
背景情况:
- 公共卫生官员,医生和倡导团体已经做出了广泛的努力,以教育美国公众关于癌症查的重要性.
- 了解公众对癌症查的态度对于有效的卫生政策和患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估公众对早期癌症检测方法的热情程度.
- 探索公众对查测试的看法,包括它们的感知价值和潜在后果.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的电话调查对500名成年人 (40岁以上的女性和50岁以上的男性,没有癌症病史) 进行.
- 用数字拨号方法随机选择了参与者.
- 该调查包括关于一般查态度的模块和特定测试,如帕帕尼科劳测试,乳房影像,PSA测试和西格莫显微镜/结肠镜等.
主要成果:
- 87%的成年人认为常规癌症查是有益的,74%的人同意它可以挽救生命.
- 显著多数人表达了对癌症信息的强烈愿望,即使没有治疗方法或缓慢生长的癌症 (伪疾病).
- 尽管经历了假阳性结果 (38%报告),98%的人很高兴他们接受了初始查.
结论:
- 公众对癌症查表现出相当大的热情,在很大程度上不受假阳性或过度治疗的担忧的影响.
- 这种高水平的热情可能有助于快速采用新的查技术,可能导致过度测试和过度治疗.
- 公共教育和政策必须仔细考虑这些态度,以确保适当地利用癌症查.
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