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Updated: Jul 30, 2026

Extraction and Characterization of Surfactants from Atmospheric Aerosols
Published on: April 21, 2017
有证据表明,酸增加了低温云中的相对湿度
1Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, USA. rgao@al.noaa.gov
科学家们在雪花云中发现了一种新型的冰颗粒,称为Delta-ice. 这些颗粒含有酸 (HNO3) 并显著增加相对于冰的相对湿度 (RHi),影响气候模型.
科学领域:
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 云物理 云物理
- 气候科学 气候科学
背景情况:
- 环状云在地球的能量平衡中起着至关重要的作用.
- 酸 (HNO3) 是大气化学中的一个关键成分,影响云形成和气候.
- 了解高层热带层云的特性对于准确的气候建模至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究酸 (HNO3) 在自然和合并云中的特性.
- 确定HNO3在冰颗粒形成中的作用及其对冰相对湿度 (RHi) 的影响.
- 引入一种新的冰颗粒类别,称为Delta-ice,以及它们对气候的影响.
主要方法:
- 在高层热带层云层中相对于冰的相对湿度 (RHi) 的实地测量.
- 同时测量酸 (HNO3) 度.
- 分析云颗粒组成在自然和合流循环中.
主要成果:
- 在低于202克尔文的温度下,RHi值在自然和合流环中急剧增加到130%以上.
- 这些高的RHi值与含有HNO3的新型冰颗粒的存在有关,称为Delta-ice.
- 一种类似于抗蛋白作用的机制被提议用于表面HNO3如何抑制冰/蒸汽平衡.
结论:
- 三角洲冰颗粒代表了全球气候和氧化排放之间新发现的联系.
- 预计将三角洲冰纳入气候模型将改变模拟的雪花云属性.
- 精确的三角洲冰的表现将改善对高层热层水蒸气分布和气候影响的预测.
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