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Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment
Published on: September 27, 2015
含有eIF4AIII的复合物是mRNA局部化和无意义介导的mRNA衰变所需的
Isabel M Palacios1, David Gatfield, Daniel St Johnston
1Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Institute and Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK.
Nature
|February 20, 2004
概括
这项研究确定了翻译启动因子eIF4AIII和巴伦茨作为mRNA局部化的关键组成部分. 这些蛋白质还在人类细胞的无意中介mRNA衰变 (NMD) 中发挥着重要作用,显示出一种保存的功能.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 奥斯卡的mRNA定位到Drosophila卵子细胞的后极对生殖线和腹部规范至关重要.
- 巴伦茨和Mago-Y14异构体是已知的转作用因子,参与了这种局部化过程.
- 巴伦茨和Mago-Y14之间的直接相互作用以前没有被确立.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究奥斯卡尔mRNA局部化复合体内的分子相互作用.
- 确定参与mRNA定位的新型组件及其功能作用.
- 探索这些组件在其他细胞过程中的保存功能,如无意义介导的mRNA衰变 (NMD).
主要方法:
- 同免疫沉测试检测蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用.
- 核糖蛋白粒子 (RNP) 组成的分析.
- 在人类细胞中进行功能性测试,以评估无意义介导的mRNA衰变 (NMD) 中的作用.
主要成果:
- 翻译启动因子eIF4AIII与巴伦茨相互作用,是oskar mRNA RNP局部化综合体的一部分.
- eIF4AIII还与Mago-Y14异构体相互作用,在Barentsz和Mago-Y14之间建立了分子链接.
- 发现巴伦茨和eIF4AIII对于人类细胞中无意义介导的mRNA衰变 (NMD) 是必要的.
结论:
- eIF4AIII和巴伦茨被确定为保存蛋白质复合体的关键组成部分.
- 这种复合物对于Drosophila的mRNA定位和哺乳动物的无意义介导的mRNA衰变 (NMD) 都至关重要.
- 这些发现揭示了一种保存的分子机制,将mRNA定位和监控途径与物种之间联系起来.
相关概念视频
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...

