美国死亡的实际原因,2000年
Ali H Mokdad1, James S Marks, Donna F Stroup
1Division of Adult and Community Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga, USA. amokdad@cdc.gov
JAMA
|March 11, 2004
概括
吸烟仍然是美国的主要死亡原因,但饮食不良和不活动正在上升. 迫切需要对公共卫生系统进行改变,以应对这些可预防的死亡因素.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 可修改的行为风险因素是美国死亡率的主要驱动因素.
- 量化这些因素可以了解当前的趋势和错过的预防机会.
研究的目的:
- 确定和量化美国主要的死亡原因.
- 分析可修改行为对国家死亡率的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项全面的MEDLINE搜索英语文章 (1980-2002),将风险行为与死亡率联系起来.
- 利用来自疾病控制和预防中心的2000年死亡数据.
- 通过将可归因的分数乘以总死亡人数来计算特定原因死亡率.
主要成果:
- 2000年,烟草使用造成了4.35万例死亡 (18.1%),其次是饮食不良/身体不活动 (3.65万例死亡,15.2%),以及酒精 (85,000例死亡,3.5%).
- 其他重要原因包括微生物剂,有毒剂,机动车祸,枪支,性行为和非法药物使用.
结论:
- 烟草仍然是导致死亡的首要原因,饮食不良和身体不活动将会超过它.
- 这些发现强调,美国卫生系统迫切需要更加专注于预防.
- 解决行为风险因素对于降低死亡率和医疗保健成本至关重要.
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