通过对自然代谢物敏感的 ribozyme 控制基因表达
Wade C Winkler1, Ali Nahvi, Adam Roth
1Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, PO Box 208103, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8103, USA.
Nature
|March 19, 2004
概括
科学家们发现了一种新的 ribozyme,通过感知代谢物水平来控制细菌中的基因表达. 这一发现表明,古代基于RNA的遗传开关可能仍然在现代细胞中起作用.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 生物催化剂或酶通常是蛋白质.
- 已知有八种类型的自然 ribozymes (RNA 酶) 催化必要的生化反应.
- 核糖酶的存在支持"RNA世界"假设,表明RNA先于蛋白质和DNA.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别新型 ribozymes 和它们的功能.
- 为了研究 ribozymes 在基因调节中的作用.
- 探索核酶作为遗传控制系统的进化意义.
主要方法:
- 在格拉姆阳性细菌中识别了一种新的 ribozyme 类.
- 对 ribozyme 与 glmS 传递 RNA 的相互作用进行分析.
- 研究由葡萄糖胺-6-酸盐 (GlcN6P) 激活的 ribozyme 的激活机制.
主要成果:
- 发现了一种新型的 ribozyme,它可以切割 glmS 基因的信使 RNA.
- 利博酶由葡萄糖胺-6-酸盐 (GlcN6P) 激活,这是一个代谢物.
- ribozyme 作为一个遗传开关,在 GlcN6P 水平上升时抑制 glmS 基因表达.
结论:
- рибо酶可以作为代谢物传感器,调节基因表达.
- 这一发现提供了对代谢物敏感基因开关的证据.
- 现代细胞可能保留了基于RNA的古老遗传控制系统.
相关概念视频
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches
942
Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
942
Riboswitches
9.9K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
9.9K
Types of RNA
73.4K
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
73.4K
Types of RNA
10.1K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
10.1K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
26.7K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
26.7K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
4.1K
No description available
4.1K


