Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Proofreading01:43

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules starts when DNA polymerase links nucleotides together in a sequence that is complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity for the correct base to ensure fidelity in DNA replication. The DNA polymerase furthermore proofreads during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.Errors during Replication Are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase EnzymeGenomic DNA is synthesized in...
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

A Thymine Dimer Stalls a High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase by Providing No Template Information in the Same Manner as an Abasic Site.

Biochemistry·2026
Same author

Discovery of highly potent α-keto ester-based peptidomimetic inhibitors of the Hip1 protease for the treatment of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>.

European journal of medicinal chemistry reports·2026
Same author

Conformational Dynamics and Catalytic Backups in a Hyper-thermostable Engineered Archaeal Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase.

JACS Au·2026
Same author

Structural and Biophysical Characterization of the Yersinia Type Three Secretion System ATPase YscN.

Proteins·2026
Same author

Discovery and Functional Characterization of SnFDHal, an Efficient Tryptophan 5-Halogenase from Streptomyces noursei.

Applied biochemistry and biotechnology·2025
Same author

N-Terminus of Cid14 Activates RNA Unwinding by Mtr4 in the <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i> TRAMP Complex.

Biochemistry·2025

相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay
17:03

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

Published on: March 23, 2010

在DNA聚合酶中观察到的不匹配复制错误的结构.

Sean J Johnson1, Lorena S Beese

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Cell
|March 24, 2004
PubMed
概括

高保真性DNA聚合酶通过在遇到不匹配的基因对时停滞,确保基因组的稳定性. 这项研究揭示了这种停滞的结构机制,并解释了酶对错误的"短期记忆".

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

  • 精确的DNA复制对于保持基因组稳定性至关重要.
  • DNA聚合酶采用像停滞这样的机制来纠正复制错误.
  • 一些聚合酶表现出一种
  • 短期记忆 短期记忆
  • 的不匹配远离开头终点.

研究的目的:

  • 在DNA聚合酶活性部位上对所有12种可能的基对不匹配进行结构性表征.
  • 阐明由DNA不匹配引起的聚合酶停滞的机制.
  • 为了研究酶如何识别遥远的不匹配.

主要方法:

  • 用X射线结晶学捕获DNA聚合酶不匹配复合体.
  • 12种不同的不匹配类型的结构分析.
  • 对DNA结构的检查,从初始终端延伸到六个基对.

主要成果:

  • 确定了四种不同的机制,用于不匹配诱导的聚合酶停滞.
  • 观察到DNA扭曲将不匹配信息传送到活动部位.
  • 证明了聚合酶对不匹配的反应可以从原始终端延伸到六个基对.

更多相关视频

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis
11:08

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: June 19, 2018

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
05:37

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Published on: April 4, 2025

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay
17:03

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

Published on: March 23, 2010

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis
11:08

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: June 19, 2018

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
05:37

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Published on: April 4, 2025

结论:

  • 对DNA聚合酶忠实性机制的结构洞察.
  • 阐明了建筑的结构基础.
  • 短期记忆 短期记忆
  • 的复制错误.
  • 了解DNA聚合酶如何通过错误识别和停滞来保持基因组完整性.