狂犬病和其他lyssavirus疾病
1Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. mary.warrell@ndm.ox.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|March 27, 2004
概括
由于监测不足,全球狂犬病负担仍然未知,但每年有成千上万的人遭受狂犬病脑炎症状. 扩大对莱萨病毒的认识,包括英国蝙蝠的莱萨病毒,凸显了疾病控制和人类预防的持续挑战.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 狂犬病是一种致命的动物性病毒性疾病,其全球负担未知,主要是由于监测系统不足.
- 恐水症是狂犬病脑炎的标志性症状,每年会影响成千上万的人.
- 新兴的 Lyssavirus 威胁,例如英国的欧洲蝙蝠 lyssavirus,强调了病毒性脑炎的日益扩大范围.
研究的目的:
- 为了突出人类狂犬病的重大,但在很大程度上未得到量化,全球负担.
- 讨论关于莱萨病毒属及其对公共卫生的影响的不断增长的认识.
- 为了强调控制动物狂犬病的挑战,并确保在全球范围内可访问的人类预防.
主要方法:
- 审查目前对莱萨病毒流行病学和疾病表现的理解.
- 检查lyssaviruses使用的神经变机制,包括病毒劫持细胞运输系统.
- 评估动物狂犬病控制和人类暴露后预防的全球挑战.
主要成果:
- 由于监测的限制,人类狂犬病的确切全球规模仍未确定.
- 莱萨病毒感染,包括蝙蝠传播的变种,在地理上带来各种各样的健康挑战.
- 研究开始阐明这些神经变病毒是如何破坏神经功能并逃避免疫反应的.
结论:
- 有效的全球狂犬病控制需要改进的监测和管理策略,以适应病毒载体的区域变异.
- 了解lyssaviruses的分子病原性对于开发更好的对策至关重要.
- 可访问和适当的人类预防仍然是一个关键的,但尚未满足的全球卫生需求.
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